Within autonomous systems, network routing is commonly based on distancevector routing algorithms.

$($i$)$ Describe how, in distributed implementations of distance vector routing

algorithms, the most appropriate route for packets to cross a network is

determined. $[2]$

$($ii$)$ The Routing Information Protocol $($RIP$)$ uses a distance$-$vector approach to

determine the best path to a given destination. Explain how the RIP protocol

employs UDP messages to gather the information needed to build the local

routing table