Within the three articles, there were different procedures compared to the SAFMEDS procedure all of which included using flashcards. There was one procedure called the whole deck, which allowed the learner to study the entire deck of cards for up to 10 minutes. The instructor or learner could stop the 10-minute timer to conduct the 1-minute test, to see how many the learner could get right. This method could be useful and harmful in the same since. The learner has the information fresh on their mind, so it is expected to get more correct, versus the SAFMED. The procedure requires more memorizing. put into other words