Without a permit from the U$.$S$.$ Army Corps of Engineers, Condos Corporation fills a wetlands area that it owns in preparation for the construction of a housing complex. Under the Clean Water Act, this is most likely

a$.$ not a violation because the area was filled before construction.

b$.$ a violation.

c$.$ not a violation because there was no discharge of pollution.

d$.$ not a violation because a permit is not needed to fill wetlands.