Write a Summary of Stage 1: Stage 1 :The setting is a loosely arranged independent practice association (IPA) or physician-hospital organization (PHO). At this stage, where nothing much has happened to change patterns of care, there can be a rosy vision of a new and preferred future but accompanied by often dire and dark predictions about the true significance of the integration process and any range of feelings between these two extremes. Conflicts will tend to follow the patterns established in previous times. The physicians, although suspicious of each other and of everybody else, probably will have formed a loosely coordinated group. The integrity of the group will require that all physicians except the most incompetent, egregious, or expensive ones be included. The physicians will look to management, the hospital board, and to outside consultants to get their group together. There may well be good feelings among the majority of the physicians about protecting their market