write the functions toupper and tolower in the hll of your choice (C/C++, Java, C#, etc.) using bitwise manipulation (i.e. & |) The toUpper function converts the input parameter string so that all characters are uppercase. The toLower function converts the input parameter string so that all characters are lowercase. Note that the input parameter string to both functions can contain both upper and lower case letters, so you not attempt to do this using addition.