You are a system administrator responsible for managing a multi-user operating system that often experiences performance issues due to inefficient process scheduling. Users have reported long wait times, and the system seems unresponsive during peak hours. Explain how process scheduling affects system performance and what factors can lead to inefficient scheduling. Provide a detailed analysis of the impact of process priorities and CPU scheduling algorithms on system responsiveness and user experience. Question # 2 Process scheduling You are a software developer tasked with designing a new process scheduling algorithm for an operating system used in a server environment. The primary goal is to optimize CPU utilization, reduce latency, and enhance system responsiveness. Suppose In a server environment, where multiple client requests need to be processed simultaneously, efficient process scheduling is crucial to ensure optimal system performance. Explain where your scheduling algorithm can make a significant difference and outline the key design considerations for your new algorithm, including how it handles process priorities and CPU allocation. Question # 3 File System You are a system administrator responsible for maintaining a file system in a multi-user operating system. Users have reported occasional data corruption issues and difficulties in finding and organizing their files. Explain how the file system architecture and design can impact data integrity and user experience. Analyze potential causes of data corruption and disorganization in the file system and discuss strategies to mitigate these issues. Question # 4 Deadlock In a multi-user operating system, users have reported instances of system unresponsiveness and delays, particularly during peak usage hours. You suspect that deadlock situations may be occurring. Explain the concept of deadlock in operating systems, how it impacts system performance, and identify potential causes of deadlocks. Discuss strategies and mechanisms that can be employed to prevent and resolve deadlocks in this scenario. Question # 5 Deadlock (Bankers Algorithm) Suppose you are tasked with designing a resource allocation system for a mission-critical embedded system that controls an autonomous vehicle. The system should prevent deadlocks and ensure efficient resource management. Describe a scenario in which the Banker's Algorithm can be applied to optimize resource allocation in this context. Outline the key considerations and steps for implementing the Banker's Algorithm and how it enhances resource allocation efficiency and deadlock prevention. Question # 6 Memory Management System You are the system administrator for a multi-user operating system, and users have reported performance issues, particularly slow system response times. After investigation, you suspect memory management issues. Explain the concept of memory management in operating systems, how it affects system performance, and identify potential causes of slow system response times related to memory. Discuss strategies and mechanisms that can be employed to optimize memory management and improve system performance in this scenario. Question # 7 Concurrency You are a software developer responsible for designing a real-time monitoring application that collects and processes data from multiple sensors simultaneously. The application must efficiently manage concurrency to ensure that sensor data is processed in real-time. According to the given below scenario in which concurrency issues can affect the real-time data processing. Explain in detail the key considerations and synchronization mechanisms that can be employed to address concurrency challenges and meet the real-time requirements. Scenario: Imagine a scenario where the application receives data from various sensors monitoring critical infrastructure, such as a power grid. The sensors send data at different intervals and concurrently. The application must process this data in real-time and raise alerts or take corrective actions based on the received data. Question # 8 Disk Scheduling You are the system administrator for a file server that stores and serves large volumes of data to users. Users have complained about slow file access times, particularly during peak usage hours. Explain the concept of disk scheduling in operating systems and how it impacts file access times. Identify potential causes of slow file access times related to disk scheduling and discuss strategies and mechanisms that can be employed to optimize disk scheduling and improve file access performance in this scenario. Question # 9 Scheduling You are a systems architect tasked with designing a disk scheduling algorithm for a cloud-based data storage system that serves a diverse set of users and applications. The system is expected to handle various workloads, from media streaming to database queries. Imagine a scenario where the cloud-based data storage system hosts various applications, including real-time media streaming and complex database queries. These applications have distinct workload patterns, with media streaming requiring consistent and high-throughput access and database queries needing low-latency access. Explain in which your custom disk scheduling algorithm can make a significant difference, and outline the key design considerations and principles for your algorithm, including how it addresses the varying needs of different workloads and users. Question # 10 Security Imagine you work as an IT security specialist for a medium-sized company that relies heavily on Windows-based systems for its day-to-day operations. You've recently been informed about a potential security breach in the Windows operating system used throughout the organization. You need to assess the situation and make critical decisions to protect the company's data and infrastructure. Given this scenario, please outline the steps you would take to investigate and mitigate the security breach in the Windows operating system. What security measures and best practices would you recommend to prevent such incidents in the future