1. You are given a string of 2N characters consisting of N [ brackets and N ] brackets. A string is considered balanced if it can be represented in the for S2[S1] where S1 and S2 are balanced strings. We can make an unbalanced string balanced by swapping adjacent characters. Calculate the minimum number of swaps necessary to make a string balanced. Present the algorithm as pseudocode and calculate its complexity.

2. Every house in the colony has at most one pipe going into it and at most one pipe going out of it. Tanks and taps are to be installed in a manner such that every house with one outgoing pipe but no incoming pipe gets a tank installed on its roof and every house with only an incoming pipe and no outgoing pipe gets a tap. Given two integers n and p denoting the number of houses and the number of pipes. The connections of pipe among the houses contain three input values: a_i, b_i, d_i denoting the pipe of diameter d_i from house a_i to house b_i, find out the efficient solution for the network. The output will contain the number of pairs of tanks and taps t installed in first line and the next t lines contain three integers: house number of tank, house number of tap and the minimum diameter of pipe between them.