You are the Financial Manager of Company X $,$ and the following financial statement was presented:

Company $x$ also had the following in their income statement for the $2024$ financial year:

Sales: R$520000$

Cost of sales: R$380000$

Net income before interest and tax: R$100000$

Net profit $($after tax$)$: R$72000$

Question:

Use the above financial statement of Company X to calculate the following financial performance ratios

for the $2024$ financial year:

a$.$ Acid test ratio

b$.$ Return on total assets

c$.$ Debtors collection period

d$.$ Gross profit margin

e$.$ Return on owner's equity

Clearly indicate the formula and calculations for each ratio. $(10$ marks$)$