You are the prosecuting attorney in the murder trial of Mr. Ira Einhorn, a Philadelphia native and Master of Ceremonies at the rst Earth Day on April 22, 1970. He was arrested in 1979 when the body of his ex-girlfriend, Holly Maddux, who had been missing since Sept. 9 1977, was found in his bedroom closet. Mr. Einhorn jumped bail and ed the country. In 2002, 23 years after his initial arrest, he was extradited 'om France to the United States to stand trial at age 62.1 Having reviewed the evidence, you believe strongly in Mr. Einhorn's guilt and that he planned to kill his girlfriend, Ms. Maddux, on Sept. 9 1977. As a result of this same evidence, the State has charged Mr. Einhorn with rst-degree murder, which is the premeditated intent to kill another individual. If convicted the under Pennsylvania law, Mr. Einhorn would face life in prison Without parole.2 His attorney has offered you a plea bargain, in which her client will plea guilty to voluntary-manslaughter, which is the intentional killing of another individual due to a sudden and intense passion resulting from serious provocation from the victim. If you accept the plea bargain, Mr. Einhorn would receive a reduced sentence of 20 years in prison. Mr. Einhorn's attorney had to work hard to get him to agree to the plea bargain, so you will have to make the decision quickly. Here is what you know: If the trial goes to the jury, there are three possible outcomes; (1) guilty of rst-degree murder (life sentence), (2) guilty of murder under diminished capacity (20 year sentence), or (3) innocent. For a conviction of rst-degree murder you will need to present evidence to the jury that Mr. Einhorn had the intent to kill Ms. Maddux, and had in fact planned it with malice. You don't have control over the jury's reactions, but you can plan your case based on information made available pre-trial (a period known as discovery). Given the high prole nature of the case and Mr. Einhorn's semi-celebrity status, you feel that it would be better for the case go to trial, to show that all people are meant to be equal in the eye of the law. However, you also want to make sure that Mr. Einhorn doesn't, quite literally, get away with murder; thus your willingness to consider the plea bargain. You need to build a decision tree to help you decide whether you should accept the defense counsel's plea bargain. Your objective is to maximize the number of years that Mr. Einhorn spends in prison. For the purposes of this assignment, assume that Mr. Einhorn's life expectancy from birth is 85.3 years of age3. The two chance events that will affect your decision are: the jury's reaction to the evidence regarding whether (1) Mr. Einhorn acted with deliberation and premeditation and (2) that he had formed an intent to kill. You believe that there is a 7 in 10 chance that the jury will lean towards the convicting Mr. Einhorn (i.e., pro-prosecution) based just on the evidence regarding the murder's premeditation. However, for a jury to be convinced of Mr. Einhorn's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt and convict him of 1St degree murder, they must consider intent separately from premeditation\". The defense attorney will present evidence that Mr. Einhorn acted under diminished capacity, and thus could not form the specic intent to kill. She believes this is a strong defense given that Mr. Einhorn's claim of innocence is based upon his belief that the CIA 'amed him because he knew too much about their paranormal military research. During the trial the attorneys will first present evidence regarding deliberation and premeditation, followed by the evidence regarding Mr. Einhorn's intent to kill. The jury will only make a nal determination as to Mr. Einhorn's guilt (1St degree or diminished capacity) or innocence after hearing all the evidence on both subjects. Using this information and your years of experience, you have developed some probabilities of for the different possible verdicts, given whether the jury was pro- prosecution or pro-defense after hearing the evidence regarding the murder's premeditation: Event Probability 1 st degree murder, pro-prosecution 0.89 1 st degree murder, pro-defense 0.30 Diminished capacity, pro-prosecution 0.10 Diminished capacity, pro-defense 0.50 Design a decision tree and calculate the expected value for each of the seven scenarios, as well as the final expected value of each of the two alternative decisions. Should you take the plea bargain