Question
You are the sole shareholder and operator of a small incorporated business that purchases and re-sells off-brand video drones. You started your business five years
You are the sole shareholder and operator of a small incorporated business that purchases and re-sells off-brand video drones. You started your business five years ago. The following data have been assembled to assist in preparing the master budget for the year's first quarter. As of the end of last year, your company had the following balance sheet:
Cash $ 15,000 Accounts payable $ 104,650
Accounts receivable 71,000 Taxes payable 1,500
Inventory 21,450 ST loan interest payable 60
Prepaid insurance 3,500 ST loan payable 6,000
Total current assets 110,950 Total current liabilities 112,210
Equipment 25,000 LT Loan payable 30,000
Accumulated amortization 5,000 Total liabilities 142,210
Net equipment 20,000 Common shares* 20,000
Total assets $ 130,950 Retained earnings (31,260)
Total liabilities and equity $ 130,950
* 10,000 common shares, issued for $2 each
Company Information
1 - The company sells each drone for $500. Actual sales for November were 300 units and for December were 320 units. Projected sales for January are 330 units, 350 for February, 335 for March, and 340 for April.
2 - Sales are all on account and 65% of the cash for sales is collected in the month of sale, 25% is collected in the following month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the month after that.
3 - The company purchases enough units each month to cover the current months sales and maintain an ending inventory equal to 20% of the following months projected sales.
4 - Each unit costs the company $325. Inventory purchases are paid for in the month following purchase.
5 - The company is expected to incur and pay fixed operating expenses of $13,500 per month.
6 - On August 1, 2021, the company paid $6,000 for one years insurance coverage.
7 - Variable operating expenses are projected to be 9% of sales and are paid in the month incurred.
8 - Interest is paid monthly on the long-term loan at a rate of 6% per year. They are also required to make quarterly principal payments, the next is due at the end of March for $2,500.
9 - Equipment costing $28,000 will be purchased for cash at the beginning of January. All equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over 10 years with no residual value.
10 - You pay salaries totaling $3,000 each month. For simplicity, ignore all payroll tax implications.
11 - You sell 1,000 additional common shares to your uncle for $2.00 per share at the beginning of February.
12 - You will declare and pay a dividend of $5,000 at the beginning of February.
13 - Income tax expense for this small business is calculated at 22% of the earnings before taxes. The company pays income tax installments of $1600 per month.
14 - The company must maintain a minimum cash balance of $8,000. A short-term loan is available to cover any shortfall. Interest is paid monthly on the previous month's loan balance at a rate of 12% per year.
15 - Any cash above the minimum available at month's end is used to reduce any existing short-term loan. The interest for the short-term debt should be calculated and shown separately from the long-term debt. Both borrowings and repayments are assumed to occur at the beginning of the month.
Requirements and Check Figures - Please read these all very carefully!!!
The items in the budget should appear in the following order. Note that when you are showing your schedules, they should flow down a worksheet, so the balance sheet first, then the cash receipts schedule underneath it, and so on. Please do not flow the different schedules across the page or in different tabs.
1 - The prior period ending balance sheet (as given above).
2 - A sales forecast in units and dollars. Check figure: March sales in dollars should be $167,500.
3 - A cash receipts schedule for January, February, and March. Check figure: Cash receipts for January should be $162,250.
4 - A purchases schedule in units for January, February, and March. Check figure: March unit purchases should be 336 units.
5 - A cash payments schedule for January, February, and March. Check figure: February's total cash payments should be $147,576.
6 - A cash budget for January, February, and March, including a calculation of cumulative loan at the bottom. Check figures: February ending cash should be $30,864 and the cumulative loan should be $0.
7 - The pro-forma income statements for January, February, and March. You should also have a total column which totals all three months.
a) Subtotals for EBIT and EBT should be included.
b) List all expenses separately (do not combine).
c) Show long-term and short-term interest separately.
Hint: The cost of goods sold is not the same thing as purchases. Check figures: Februarys earnings after taxes should be $21,769 and March's COGS should be $108,875 and Amortization Expense is $442 (rounded) per month.
8 - A pro-forma retained earnings schedule for the quarter ended March 31 (not for each month). Check figure: Ending retained earnings should be $25,477.
9 - A pro-forma balance sheet at March 31. You do not have to complete the balance sheets for January or February.
Hint: Consider what will cause balances to change from the December 31, 2021 balance sheet.
a) Prepaid insurance will be the opening amount less the amount expensed on the income statement.
b) Tax payable will be the opening balance plus total tax expense less total tax installments.
Check figure: Total assets should be $198,289.
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