You have been given news articles from the Wall Street Journal and USA Today about online sales for the 2019 Holiday Season.Identify five examples of evidence of marketing research (a reported statistic, a quote from an expert, attribution to a research company, etc.) and evaluate its validity and reliability. brief description of each item of evidence of marketing research.Define validity and reliability when it comes to information from marketing research.Do you believe the information presented in the articles is valid?If so, why?If not, why not?Is the information reliable?If so, can you cite another reference with similar findings?If not, why might the data not be reliable?

28 1 FRIDAY, DECEMBER 27, 2019 1 USA TODAY MONEY Holiday online shopping swells nearly 19% Clothing and electronics Amazon said billions of Hems were ordered worldwide, and the number of fuel record spending products delivered with free one-day Online shopping and same-day shipping nearly quadru- Dalvin Brown pled in the U.S. Amazon called the holi- LEA TOONY sales made up day season "record-breaking," and it Americans spent more online in the 14.6% of total said it sold more than half a bilion items In its brkk-and-mortar stores. weeks leading up to Christmas this year, retail spending. The best-selling items on Amazon In- despite a shorter holiday season. eluded the company's Echo Dot, Fire TV Overall, seasonal shopping from Nov. Buck with Alexa Voice Remote and Echo i to Dec. 24 was up 3.4% over last year, Show. Robot vacuums and apparel were with online sales swelling 10.0%, ac- also popular choices among shoppers. cording to Mastercard SpendingPulgo, The high-end jeweler Tillary report- which tracks spending trends. ed a sales increase of up to 3% since Online sales hit a record high, ac- Nov. 1, though the growth was fueled by cording to the report, released Thurs- sales in China. The company sald it saw day. It found clothing, accessories and come sales growth in the Americas also, electronics to be the primary driver be- which represents a "momentum shift in hind the e-commeron boom with spo- the region" clalty apparel sales jumping 17%. Jowd- "We are pleased to present our in- by sales Increased 0.0%% and electrics terino sales results for this important aples grow 107% over last year. BUTTY IMAGES season, which reflect improved global "Due to a later than usual Thanksgly- trends compared to previous quarters Ing holiday, we saw retailers offering this year," said Alessandro Bogliolo, omnichannel sales par lor In the mason, the report ping days such as Cyber Monday and CHO of Tiffany & Co. meeting consumers' demand for the Online shopping sales made up 14.6% Mack Friday by offering customer While Tiffany does sell some of its bost deals across all channels and de- of total retail spending and 24.5% of all "deeper discounts and more deals of the products on its website, the company vices," said Steve Sodove, senior adviser holiday season shopping happened on day than ever before," the company said did not provide a breakdown of e-com- for Mastercard and former CEO and Cyber Monday. in a release revealing it's holbday sales merce shopping versus brick and mor- chalrman of Saks, In a statement with Amnion took odvantage of big shop- results. tar sales.NAL. #* $4.00 EURO $1.1092 YEN 189 46 Holiday Calendar Boosts Online Sales A shorter shopping season propels digital orders, making on- time deliveries hard BY SARAH NASSAUUR A shortoned holiday-shop- ping calendar favored digital marketplaces over stores, pre Himinary retail dota indicate, with much of the growth in sales coming from a surge In online orders that taxed the package delivery system Total U.S. retail sales for Now. I through Christmas Ew rose 34% from a year career, according to Mastercard SpendingPulse, which trade both onling and In-store spending with all forms of pay- ment. The tally excludes auto- mobiles - Oflien wakes continued to set the part, rising 18.5% dur- Ing the perlod, compared with growth of 124 for in-store sales. Digital's 14.ON share of total giles was a new high, or- cording to Masterand Industry consultants had predicted strong or, at least, steady holiday retall sides, buoyed by a robust US. rcon- oury and low unemployment. The shift galing reflects a re ahaplog of the retall industry with department stores strug- cling to attract shoppers, while others, including Amaronoor Inc. and Target Corp. the Chair digital platforms to grab mar- ket shardOnline Sales Boost Retail Continued from Page One Thanksgiving was six days later this year, which pushed back holiday shopping. The National Retail Federation polled 7,779 consumers from Nov. 27 to Dec. 5 and found that 52% of those who had started buying gifts had com- pleted their shopping, com pared with 58% last year. With the tighter window, gift buyers had to scramble, as did retailers in their efforts to snare last minute shoppers. Walmart Inc, the country's largest retailer by revenue, said 25% of shoppers hadn't yet started their gift buying as of two weeks ago. An online survey by e commerce plat- form Shopify showed 43% of puople planned to make their final purchases in the three days before Christmas. So many consumers I've Interviewed say, I can't believe Christmas is "[this] Wednes day,""Marshal Cohon, chief re- tail industry achviser at market By some estimates, whopper traffic In stores declined In this your! researcher NPD Group Inc., said in an interview late last Dec. 19, a 1316% increase from PWC predicted that holiday werk. last year. Buying on smart- sales would rise 27%, slightly Super Saturday, as the last phones accounting for 35% of lower than the roughly 4% in- Saturday before Christmas Is that revenue, according to crease predicted by the Na- known, was projected to again Adobe, which tracks hundreds tional Retail Federation and be the your's blegest sales of retail websites. some other consultants. day-even as trips to stores "There were many records The shorter lead-in to fall off. Super Saturday store set in this historic peak pea- Christmas left carriers less trafile was down 9.7% from son," FedEx President and time to catch up from a touch last year, according to Sersor; Chief Operating Officer Rajesh start to their peak delivery matic Solutions Shopper Trak Subramanian said in an inter- season. Cyber Week proved data, which uses cameras to view Monday, He said package buster than expected for track store visits. For Nov. 3 to volumes ciccoded projections FedEx, which handled nearly Dec. 21, traffic fell 77%. the Monday after Thankaghing 38 million packages on the Delivery companies, include and set new highs on subse- Monday after Thanksgiving. ing FedEx Corp, and United quent Mondays, a trend he at- well above its projection for 33 Parcel Service Inc., also felt tributed in part to the shorter million packages. the pressure in the compressed holiday person. Bad weather early on in shopping season. In some Steve Barr, head of the re- places like Colorado, the Upper cases they were caught off tail practice at consulting firm Midwest and the Northenst! guard by the surge in e com- PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. contributed to dips in on-time merce orders and struggled to auld the backloaded season delivery performance, accord- catch up. also made holiday sales more ing to ShipMatrix Inc, a soft Adobe Analytics found that difficult to predict. I don't ware provider that analyses shoppers spent $125,6 billion think any of us know how folks shipping data. online from Now. 1 through are going to behave," he said. Michael Nicholson of Min-shortened hollday season. Watches on display In New York drew Interest two days before Christmas. neapolis said his girlfriend's from a regional carrier. ery network expected to de- dress didn't arrive in time for "We have provided strong liver 3.5 billion packages an office holiday party because on-time customer deliveries world-wide for the year. it was stuck on a FedEx trailer throughout the period, and Parcel-industry research at a nearby sorting center for adapted well to weather and firm SJ Consulting Group Inc. several days. "They were so far other challenges," David Ab- estimated that Amazon would behind and they had trailers to ney, UPS chairman and chief deliver twice as many pack- unload before the one her executive, said in a statement. ages in the U.S. as it did last dress was loaded on," Mr. UPS said it is expecting re- year. Nicholson said in an email. cord year-end volumes as e- The U.S. Postal Service con- Mr. Subramaniam charac- commerce takes hold, with its tinues to help Amazon, FedEx terized such problems as iso- load continuing at a high level and UPS meet their holiday lated events that can occur be- through the first week of Janu- goals. All three companies sort cause of severe weather. ary as returns kick in. packages by ZIP Codes and The company expected all FedEx and UPS have in- drop them off at post offices packages promised by Christ- vested billions of dollars in around the country, mas to make it, he said. "We sorting facilities, aircraft and A spokesman said the Postal are in good shape." package-handling technology Service is able to step up to' Delivery companies have to cope with the record ship- meet holiday demand through caught up in many regions, ping volume. an "unrivaled network" that with on-time delivery rates ris- Amazon is also getting into visits more homes daily than ing in the second week of De- the act by pulling back as a the other carriers. "We con- cember, according to ShipMa- shipping customer. The online tinue to have a successful peak trix. Weekend deliveries have retailer continues to handle a season," he said. helped, according to industry growing percentage of its own -Charity L. Scott consultants and an executive packages with a nascent delive contributed to this article