Your task in Part $2$ is to expand your original project by applying the concepts of

inheritance, polymorphism, abstract classes, and other relevant techniques from your

recent lessons.

Requirements $($Part $2$: Inheritance and Advanced Object$-$Oriented Concepts$)$

For Part $2,$ you will adapt your previous project from Part $1$ by incorporating the following

concepts:

$1.$ Derived Classes:

$-$ Modify your Knight struct or class into a base class called $`$Character$`.$ Then, create

derived classes for Knights and other types of characters $($such as Wizards or Archers$)$ to

show inheritance.

$-$ These derived classes should inherit from $`$Character$`$ and have additional unique

attributes and methods $($e$.$g$.,$ a $`$Wizard$`$ might have a spellbook or a $`$Knight$`$ could have

an armor bonus$).$

$2.$ Polymorphism:

$-$ Implement polymorphism in your banquet seating system. Update the $`$Guest$`$ class to

be a base class and create specialized classes such as $`$KnightGuest$`,`$WizardGuest$`,$

and $`$RoyalGuest$`,$ each with their own $`$displayInfo$()`$ method that behaves differently

depending on the type of guest.

$-$ Use a $`$vector$`$ to store a list of guests and dynamically call the appropriate

$`$displayInfo$()`$ method using polymorphism.

$3.$ Abstract Classes:

$-$ Introduce an abstract class $`$Quest$`$ with a pure virtual function $`$completeQuest$()`.$

Create derived quest types such as $`$RescueQuest$`$ or $`$BattleQuest$`,$ which implement

this function differently depending on the type of quest.

$-$ When displaying the quest log$,$ use polymorphism to call $`$completeQuest$()`$ on each

quest object, and show how each quest is completed.

$4.$ Static Data Members and Functions:

$-$ Add a static member to one of your classes to keep track of how many guests or knights

have been added to the seating chart or knight roster.

Updated Technical Requirements:

$1.$ Character and Derived Classes:

$-$ Create a $`$Character$`$ base class with at least:

$-`$string name$`$

$-`$int health$`$

$-$ A method $`$displayInfo$()`$ that outputs character details.

$-$ Derive at least two character types, such as $`$Knight$`$ and $`$Wizard$`,$ which inherit from

$`$Character$`$ and override $`$displayInfo$()`.$

$2.$ Banquet Seating $($Polymorphism$)$:

$-$ Modify the $`$Guest$`$ class to be a base class.

$-$ Create at least two derived classes $($e$.$g$.,`$KnightGuest$`$ and $`$WizardGuest$`).$

$-$ Use polymorphism to display guest information differently based on their type.

$3.$ Quest Log $($Abstract Classes$)$:

$-$ Modify the $`$Quest$`$ class to be an abstract class.

$-$ Derive at least two specific quest types that inherit from $`$Quest$`$ and implement their

own $`$completeQuest$()`$ function.

$4.$ Static Members:

$-$ Add a static data member to keep track of how many guests have been seated or how

many quests have been completed.

Helpful Tips:

$-$ Tip $1$: When creating your derived classes, think about how the base class $(`$Character$`,$

$`$Guest$`,`$Quest$`)$ should generalize the common properties and behaviors. The derived

classes will then add their own unique features.

$-$ Tip $2$: Remember to use pointers or references for polymorphism to allow dynamic

dispatch of the $`$displayInfo$()`$ and $`$completeQuest$()`$ methods.

$-$ Tip $3$: Use $`$virtual$`$ and $`$override$`$ keywords appropriately to ensure that your derived

classes can override base class methods

c$++$ code#include

#include

#include

using namespace std;

struct Weapon $\{$

string name;

int damage;

int rarity;

$\}$;

struct Knight $\{$

string name;

int armorClass;

int hitPoints;

Weapon weapon;

$\}$;

$//$ Function to display the list of knights

void displayKnights$($const vector& knights$)\{$

for $($const auto& knight : knights$)\{$

cout $<<$ "Name: $"<<$ knight.name $<<"$

Armor Class: $"<<$ knight.armorClass

$<<"$

Hit Points: $"<<$ knight.hitPoints

$<<"$

Weapon: $"<<$ knight.weapon.name

$<<"($Damage: $"<<$ knight.weapon.damage $<<",$ Rarity: $"<<$ knight.weapon.rarity $<<")$

$"$;

$\}$

$\}$

class Guest $\{$

public:

Guest$($string name, string role, string dietaryPreference$)$

: name$($name$),$ role$($role$),$ dietaryPreference$($dietaryPreference$)\{\}$

string getName$()$ const $\{$ return name; $\}$

string getRole$()$ const $\{$ return role; $\}$

string getDietaryPreference$()$ const $\{$ return dietaryPreference; $\}$

private:

string name;

string role;

string dietaryPreference;

$\}$;

class BanquetHall $\{$

public:

void addGuest$($const Guest& guest$)\{$

guests.push$\_$back$($guest$)$;

$\}$

void removeGuest$($const string& guestName$)\{$

for $($auto it $=$ guests.begin$()$; it $!=$ guests.end$()$; $++$it$)\{$

if $($it$->$getName$()==$ guestName$)\{$

guests.erase$($it$)$;

return;

$\}$

$\}$

cout $<<$ "Guest not found!

$"$;

$\}$

void displaySeatingChart$()$ const $\{$

cout $<<$ "Banquet Hall Seating Chart:

$"$;

for $($const auto& guest : guests$)\{$

cout $<<$ guest.getName$()<<"-"<<$ guest.getRole$()<<"-"$

$<<$ guest.getDietary