You're a researcher investigating the development of young children's social responding, and today you're testing 6 year old Lucy. Your research assistant is interviewing Lucy in a quest room while you and Lucy is presented with the following dilemma

" Max and Martin are playing on the playground .Max is the sandbox building and sandcastle while Martin plays tag with her friends. While Martin is running around, he falls into the sandbox, destroying Max's Castle instantly."

a. What social information processing bias is Lucy demonstrating? Provide a brief definition and explain how Lucys response is an example of this bias

When asked how Max should respond to Martin, Lucy says that Max should throw sand in Martin's eye. Lucy's parents are horrified by this response. This tells you that she probably learned this from a Youtube series she watches where kids are dared to play mean pranks on strangers in return for money .

b. What kind of reinforcement learning are they describing? Provide a brief definition(1)

You then ask Lucy what she would do if she accidentally fell and destroyed Max's castle. She says she would hide in the corner and start crying

c. Is this behavior consistent with the experience of guilt or shame? Justify your answer by providing a brief explanation of the distinction between these emotions

d. Briefly describe two things Lucy might do if she was experiencing the other emotion than the one your identified above

Next, you ask Lucy : "When Max tells his teacher what happened, will the teacher be mad at Martin about destroying the sandcastle?" Lucy says the teacher might not be mad and proceeds to explain her reasoning. You analyze her response through the lens of Selman's role-taking theory and find it to be consistent with stage 1 role-taking

e.Briefly characterize what children's reasoning at this stage is like and consistent with the level of reasoning