(a) Define the following measures of dependence: (i) cross-product ratio, (ii) Yule’s Q,

(iii) gamma coefficient.

(b) Explain why these measures can be used for nominal- and ordinal-scale data.

(c) For the 2 × 2 table in Example 6.12(a), evaluate the following: (i) the concordance and discordance coefficients, (ii) the gamma coefficient. (iii) Compare your results to the Yule’s Q statistic.