10.69 Family size in Canada The table shows the mean number of children in Canadian families, classified by whether the family was English speaking or French speaking and by whether the family lived in Quebec or in another province.

a. Overall, compare the mean number of children for English-speaking and French-speaking families.

b. Compare the means, controlling for province (Quebec, Other).

c. How is it possible that for each level of province the mean is higher for French-speaking families, yet overall the mean is higher for English-speaking families?
Which paradox does this illustrate?

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Mean Number of Children in Canada Province English Speaking French Speaking Quebec 1.64 1.80 Other 1.97 2.14 Overall 1.95 1.85