11.31 Risk of dying for teenagers According to summarized data from 1999 to 2006 accessed from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, the annual probability that a male teenager at age 19 is likely to die is about 0.00135 and 0.00046 for females age 19. (www.cdc.gov)

a. Compare these rates using the difference of proportions, and interpret.

b. Compare these rates using the relative risk, and interpret.

c. Which of the two measures seems more useful when both proportions are very close to 0? Explain.