14.28 Hang up if recording repeated? Example 2 described an experiment in which telephone callers to an airline were put on hold with an advertisement, Muzak, or classical music in the background. Each caller who was chosen was also randomly assigned to a category of a second factor: whether the recording played was five minutes long or ten minutes long. (In each case, it was repeated at the end.) The table shows the data classified by both factors and the results of a two-way ANOVA.

a. State the null hypothesis to which the F test statistic in the Recording row refers.

b. Show how to use mean squares to construct the F test statistic for the Recording main effect, report its P-value, and interpret.

c. On what assumptions is this analysis based?

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Telephone holding times by type of recording and repeat time Recording Advertisement Muzak Classical Repeat Time Ten Minutes Five Minutes 8,11,2 5,1 1,4,3 0,6 13,8,15 7,9 Source DF SS MS F P Recording 2 149.20 74.60 7.09 0.011 Repeat 1 23.51 23.51 2.24 0.163 Error 11 115.69 10.52 Total 14 288.40