9.22 Use of complementary and integrative health (CIH)

strategies among nurses in Iran A study (J Integr Med.

2016; 14(2): 121–127) was conducted between May 2014 and April 2015 to assess the knowledge, attitude, and use of CIH strategies among nurses in Iran. In this study, 157 nurses from two urban hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences in southeast Iran took part and their responses were analyzed. Most nurses (n = 95, 60.5%)

had some knowledge about the strategies. However, a majority (n = 90, 57.3%) of the nurses never applied CIH methods. Does this suggest that nurses who never applied CIH methods would constitute a majority of the population, or are the results consistent with random variation? Answer by:

a. Identifying the relevant variable and parameter.

(Hint: The variable is categorical with two categories.

The parameter is a population proportion for one of the categories.)

b. Stating hypotheses for a large-sample two-sided test and checking that sample size guidelines are satisfied for that test.

c. Finding the test statistic value.

d. Finding and interpreting a P-value and stating the conclusion in context.

9.23 Performance of Egypt’s president A poll was conducted between 18 and 20 April, 2016, by the Egyptian Center for Public Opinion Research on the performance of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi at the end of his 22nd month in office.

Out of all the respondents, 51% strongly approved his performance.

The poll consisted of 709 responses obtained by randomly sampling citizens aged 18 years and above, covering all governorates. Test that the population proportion of those who approve highly of the president’s performance was 0.50 against the alternative that it differed from 0.50.

Carry out the five steps of a significance test, at the significance level of 0.05, reporting and interpreting the P-value in context.