In the following table, decide which of the numbered statements belongs in each box:

1. You are studying an effect that is likely to be quite large.

2. Caution is indicated because you are studying an effect that may be quite small.

3. Power is likely to be so low, and the probability of a Type II error so large, that no conclusions of any kind should be drawn.

4. Power is likely to be high, so it may well be that H₀ is (approximately) true.

Sample size You retained H You rejected H Very small Very large