C7. GSS 2018 respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement to the statement,

“Differences in income in America are too large.” Responses were measured on a 5-point scale: 1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree.

Strong Democrats had an average score of 1.69 (s = 1.04, N = 86) while strong Republicans had an average score of 2.11 (s = 1.05, N = 67).

1. What is the appropriate test statistic? Why?

2. Test the null hypothesis with a one-tailed test (strong Democrats are more likely to agree with the statement than strong Republicans); α = .05. What do you conclude about the difference in attitudes for these two political groups?
3. If you conducted a two-tailed test with α = .05, would your decision have been different?