Refer to the Journal of Food Engineering (September, 2013) study of the cooling performances fruit container designs, Exercise 14.23. Recall that three container types were investigated— Standard, Supervent, and Ecopack. The containers arranged fruit in either two or three rows; thus, row was used as a blocking factor in a randomized block design with container design representing the treatments. The response variable of interest was the half-cooling time, measured as the time (in minutes) required to reduce the temperature difference between the fruit and cooling air by half. Half-cooling times were measured for each row of fruit for each design. The data is reproduced in the accompanying table. A nonparametric analysis of variance of the data is shown in the accompanying SPSS printout. Interpret the results using α = .10.

Data from Exercise 14.23

Prior to shipping and during storage, citrus fruit stacked on pallets are susceptible to damage from high temperatures. Consequently, containers have been designed to keep the fruit cool. The Journal of Food Engineering (September 2013) published an article that investigated the cooling performance of an existing fruit container design (Standard) and two new container designs (Supervent and Ecopack). Both the Standard and Supervent containers arrange the fruit in three rows, while the Ecopack container uses only two rows. Pallets of oranges were randomly divided into three groups. One group was stored using the Standard container design, one using the Supervent design, and one using the Ecopack design. Since oranges in the first row of the container tend to stay cooler than those in the back rows, the researchers employed a randomized block design, with rows representing the blocks and container design representing the treatments. The response variable of interest was the half-cooling time, measured as the time (in minutes) required to reduce the temperature difference between the fruit and cooling air by half. Half-cooling times were measured for each row of fruit for each design. The data is shown in the accompanying table. Note that there is no data for Row 3 of the Ecopack design; this is because the Ecopack container utilizes only two rows of fruit.

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COOLING Standard Supervent Есорack Row 1 116 93 115 Row 2 181 139 164 Row 3 247 176