2. Describe the core logic of hypothesis testing in this situation. Be sure to mention that the analysis of variance involves comparing the results of two ways of estimating the population variance. One population variance estimate (the withingroups estimate) is based on the variation within each sample and the other estimate

(the between-groups estimate) is based on the variation among the means of the samples. Be sure to describe these estimates in detail (including how they are figured, why they are figured that way, and how each is affected by whether the null hypothesis is true); explain how and why they are used to figure an F ratio.