As part of their training, air force pilots make two practice landings with instruc-

tors, and are rated on performance. The instructors discuss the ratings with the pilots after each landing. Statistical analysis shows that pilots who make poor land-

ings the first time tend to do better the second time. Conversely, pilots who make good landings the first time tend to do worse the second time. The conclusion: crit-

icism helps the pilots while praise makes them do worse. As a result, instructors were ordered to criticize all landings, good or bad. Was this warranted by the facts?

Answer yes or no, and explain briefly.6 PL968