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statistics for experimentert

Questions and Answers of Statistics For Experimentert

12.31 Can people tell the difference between a female nose and a male nose? This important (?) research question was examined in the article “You Can Tell by the Nose: Judging Sex from an Isolated
12.30 A story describing a date rape was read by 352 high school students. To investigate the effect of the victim’s clothing on subject’s judgment of the situation described, the story was
12.29 A survey was conducted in the San Francisco Bay area in which each participating individual was classified according to the type of vehicle used most often and city of residence. A subset of
12.28 The 2006 Expedia Vacation Deprivation Survey(Ipsos Insight, May 18, 2006) described the results of a poll of working adults in Canada. Each person in a random sample was classified according to
12.25 Each person in a large sample of German adolescents was asked to indicate which of 50 popular movies they had seen in the past year. Based on the response, the amount of time (in minutes) of
12.23 Does including a gift with a request for a donation affect the proportion who will make a donation?This question was investigated in a study described in the report “Gift-Exchange in the
12.27 The paper “Overweight Among Low-Income Preschool Children Associated with the Consumption of Sweet Drinks” (Pediatrics [2005]: 223–229) described a study of children who were underweight
12.24 The paper “Credit Card Misuse, Money Attitudes, and Compulsive Buying Behavior: Comparison of Internal and External Locus of Control Consumers” (College Student Journal [2009]: 268–275)
12.26 In a study to determine if hormone therapy increases risk of venous thrombosis in menopausal women, each person in a sample of 579 women who had been diagnosed with venous thrombosis was
12.32 The following passage is from the paper “Gender Differences in Food Selections of Students at a Historically Black College and University” (College Student Journal[2009]: 800–806):Also
12.33 The press release titled “Nap Time” (pewresearch.org, July 2009) described results from a nationally representative survey of 1488 adult Americans. The survey asked several demographic
2. Combine the responses you collected with those of the other members of your group to form a single sample. Summarize the resulting data in a one-way frequency table.
3. If people are adept at picking digits at random, what would you expect for the proportion of the responses in the sample that were 0? that were 1?
4. State a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis that could be tested to determine whether there is evidence that the 10 digits from 0 to 9 are not selected an equal proportion of the time
5. Carry out the appropriate hypothesis test, and write a few sentences indicating whether or not the data support the theory that people are not good random number generators.
1. As a class, develop a plan for collecting the data. How will subjects be recruited? How will they be assigned to one of the two treatment groups (unaltered color, altered color)? What extraneous
1. Each member of the group should complete this step individually. Ask 25 different people to pick a digit from 0 to 9 at random. Record the responses.
2. Television is a refuge for people who are already unhappy. TV is not judgmental nor difficult, so people with few social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it. Furthermore,
1. Television viewing is a pleasurable enough activity with no lasting benefit, and it pushes aside time spent in other activities—ones that might be less immediately pleasurable, but that would
12.34 Using data from a national survey, the authors of the paper “What Do Happy People Do?” (Social Indicators Research [2008]: 565–571) concluded that there was convincing evidence of an
12.22 In a study of high-achieving high school graduates, the authors of the report “High-Achieving Seniors and the College Decision” (Lipman Hearne, October 2009) surveyed 828 high school
12.19 The authors of the paper “The Relationship of Field of Study to Current Smoking Status Among College Students” (College Student Journal [2009]: 744–754)carried out a study to investigate
12.18 The accompanying data on degree of spirituality for a sample of natural scientists and a sample of social scientists working at research universities appeared in the paper “Conflict Between
12.6 The paper “Sociochemosensory and Emotional Functions”(Psychological Science [2009]: 1118–1124) describes an interesting experiment to determine if college students can identify their
12.5 The authors of the paper “Racial Stereotypes in Children’s Television Commercials” (Journal of Advertising Research [2008]: 80–93) counted the number of times that characters of
12.4 The article “In Bronx, Hitting Home Runs Is A Breeze”(USA Today, June 2, 2009) included a classification of 87 home runs hit at the new Yankee Stadium according to the direction that the
12.1 A particular cell phone case is available in a choice of four different colors. A store sells all four colors.To test the hypothesis that sales are equally divided among the four colors, a
12.3 The authors of the paper “Is It Really About Me?Message Content in Social Awareness Streams”(Computer Supported cooperative Work 2010) studied a random sample of 350 Twitter users. For each
12.2 From the given information in each case below, state what you know about the P-value for a chi-square test and give the conclusion for a significance level of a 5 .01.a. X2 5 7.5, df 5 2d. X2 5
●● test hypotheses about association between two categorical variables using a test of independence and interpret the results in context.
●● test the hypothesis that the distribution of a categorical variable is the same for two or more populations or treatments using a test of homogeneity and interpret the results in context.
●● test hypotheses about the distribution of a categorical variable using a goodness-of-fit test and interpret the results in context.
12.7 How would you answer the following question:Next Wednesday’s meeting has been moved forward two days. What day is the meeting now that it has been rescheduled?This question is ambiguous as
12.8 USA Today (“Hybrid Car Sales Rose 81% Last Year, ”April 25, 2005) reported the top five states for sales of hybrid cars in 2004 as California, Virginia, Washington, Florida, and Maryland.
12.17 The paper “Contemporary College Students and Body Piercing” (Journal of Adolescent Health [2004]: 58–61)described a survey of 450 undergraduate students at a state university in the
12.16 The report “Mobile Youth Around the World” (The Nielsen Company, December 2010) provided the following information on gender of smartphone users for representative samples of young people
12.13 ▼ The article “Linkage Studies of the Tomato”(Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute [1931]:1–19) reported the accompanying data on phenotypes resulting from crossing tall
12.12 A certain genetic characteristic of a particular plant can appear in one of three forms (phenotypes).A researcher has developed a theory, according to which the hypothesized proportions are p1
12.11 An article about the California lottery that appeared in the San Luis Obispo Tribune (December 15, 1999)gave the following information on the age distribution of adults in California: 35% are
12.10 The report referenced in the previous exercise(“Fatality Facts 2004: Bicycles”) also classified fatal bicycle accidents according to the month in which the accident occurred, resulting in
12.9 The report “Fatality Facts 2004: Bicycles” (Insurance Institute, 2004) included the following table classifying 715 fatal bicycle accidents according to time of day the accident
●● the differences between goodness-of-fit tests, tests for homogeneity, and tests of independence.Students will be able to:
13.27 The graphs below are based on data from an experiment to assess the effects of logging on a squirrel population in British Columbia (“Effects of Logging Pattern and Intensity on Squirrel
13.14 Refer back to Example 13.3 in which the simple linear regression model was fit to data on x 5 proportion who judged candidate A as more competent and y 5 vote difference proportion. For the
13.13 The largest commercial fishing enterprise in the southeastern United States is the harvest of shrimp.In a study described in the paper “Long-term Trawl Monitoring of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus
13.12 What is the difference between s and sb? What is the difference between sb and sb?
13.11 ● Consider the accompanying data on x 5 advertising share and y 5 market share for a particular brand of soft drink during 10 randomly selected years.x .103 .072 .071 .077 .086 .047 .060 .050
13.10 A simple linear regression model was used to describe the relationship between y 5 hardness of molded plastic and x 5 amount of time elapsed since the end of the molding process. Summary
13.9 The accompanying summary quantities resulted from a study in which x was the number of photocopy machines serviced during a routine service call and y was the total service time (minutes):n 5 16
13.8 ● Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is thought to increase the risk of breast cancer. The accompanying data on x 5 percent of women using HRT and y 5 breast cancer incidence (cases per 100,000
13.7 ▼ The authors of the paper “Weight-Bearing Activity during Youth Is a More Important Factor for Peak Bone Mass than Calcium Intake” (Journal of Bone and Mineral Research [1994],
13.6a. Explain the difference between the line y 5 a 1 bx and the line y⁄5 a 1 bx.b. Explain the difference between b and b.c. Let x* denote a particular value of the independent variable. Explain
13.15 Exercise 13.10 summarized data on y 5 hardness of molded plastic and x 5 time elapsed since the molding was completed.Summary quantities included n 5 15 b 5 2.50 SSResid 5 1235.470 osx 2 xd2 5
13.16 A simple linear regression model was used to describe the relationship between sales revenue y (in thousands of dollars) and advertising expenditure x (also in thousands of dollars) for
13.26 ● In anthropological studies, an important characteristic of fossils is cranial capacity. Frequently skulls are at least partially decomposed, so it is necessary to use other characteristics
13.24 ● Consider the accompanying data on x 5 research and development expenditure (thousands of dollars) and y 5 growth rate (% per year) for eight different industries.x 2024 5038 905 3572 1157
13.23 Exercise 13.16 described a regression analysis in which y 5 sales revenue and x 5 advertising expenditure.Summary quantities given there yield n 5 15 b 5 52.27 sb 5 8.05a. Test the hypothesis
13.22 ● The accompanying data were read from a plot (and are a subset of the complete data set) given in the article “Cognitive Slowing in Closed-Head Injury” (Brain and Cognition [1996]:
13.21 ●Researchers studying pleasant touch sensations measured the firing frequency (impulses per second)of nerves that were stimulated by a light brushing stroke on the forearm and also recorded
13.19 The authors of the paper “Decreased Brain Volume in Adults with Childhood Lead Exposure” (Public Library of Science Medicine [May 27, 2008]: e112) studied the relationship between childhood
13.18 The paper “The Effects of Split Keyboard Geometry on Upper Body Postures” (Ergonomics [2009]: 104–111)describes a study to determine the effects of several keyboard characteristics on
13.17 ▼ An experiment to study the relationship between x 5 time spent exercising (minutes) and y 5 amount of oxygen consumed during the exercise period resulted in the following summary
13.5 Suppose that a simple linear regression model is appropriate for describing the relationship between y 5 house price (in dollars) and x 5 house size (in square feet) for houses in a large city.
13.4 A sample of small cars was selected, and the values of x 5 horsepower and y 5 fuel efficiency (mpg) were determined for each car. Fitting the simple linear regression model gave the estimated
12.41 The article “Cooperative Hunting in Lions: The Role of the Individual” (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology[1992]: 445–454) discusses the different roles taken by lionesses as they attack
12.40 Each boy in a sample of Mexican American males, age 10 to 18, was classified according to smoking status and response to a question asking whether he likes to do risky things. The following
12.39 Criminologists have long debated whether there is a relationship between weather and violent crime. The author of the article “Is There a Season for Homicide?”(Criminology [1988]:
12.38 According to Census Bureau data, in 1998 the California population consisted of 50.7% whites, 6.6% blacks, 30.6% Hispanics, 10.8% Asians, and 1.3% other ethnic groups. Suppose that a random
12.37 In November 2005, an international study to assess public opinion on the treatment of suspected terrorists was conducted (“Most in U.S., Britain, S. Korea and France Say Torture Is OK in at
12.36 ▼ The color vision of birds plays a role in their foraging behavior: Birds use color to select and avoid certain types of food. The authors of the article“Colour Avoidance in Northern
12.35 Each observation in a random sample of 100 bicycle accidents resulting in death was classified according to the day of the week on which the accident occurred.Data consistent with information
4. The two-way table summarizes data from two independent samples (as long as subjects were assigned at random to the two treatments, the samples are independent).Carry out an appropriate test to
3. Carry out the experiment, and summarize the resulting data in a two-way table like the one shown:Taste Rating Treatment Not Very Good Acceptable Very Good Unaltered Color Altered Color
12.42 The authors of the article “A Survey of Parent Attitudes and Practices Regarding Underage Drinking” (Journal of Youth and Adolescence [1995]: 315–334) conducted a telephone survey of
12.43 The article “Regional Differences in Attitudes Toward Corporal Punishment” (Journal of Marriage and Family[1994]: 314–324) presents data resulting from a random sample of 978 adults. Each
13.3 The paper “Predicting Yolk Height, Yolk Width, Albumen Length, Eggshell Weight, Egg Shape Index, Eggshell Thickness, Egg Surface Area of Japanese Quails Using Various Egg Traits as
13.1 Let x be the size of a house (in square feet) and y be the amount of natural gas used (therms) during a specified period. Suppose that for a particular community, x and y are related according
●● test hypotheses about the slope of the population regression line and interpret the results in context.
●● construct and interpret a confidence interval for the slope of the population regression line.
●● use scatterplots, residual plots, and normal probability plots to assess the credibility of the assumptions of the simple linear regression model.
●● interpret the parameters of the simple linear regression model in context.
●● that the simple linear regression model provides a basis for making inferences about linear relationships.Students will be able to:
12.44 Jail inmates can be classified into one of the following four categories according to the type of crime committed: violent crime, crime against property, drug offenses, and public-order
2. After the class is satisfied with the data collection plan, assign members of the class to prepare the gelatin to be used in the experiment.
11.82 Both surface soil and subsoil specimens were taken from eight randomly selected agricultural locations in a particular county. The soil specimens were analyzed to determine both surface pH and
11.47 The article “Freedom of What?” (Associated Press, February 1, 2005) described a study in which high school students and high school teachers were asked whether they agreed with the
11.12 The paper “Mood Food: Chocolate and Depressive Symptoms in a Cross-Sectional Analysis” (Archives of Internal Medicine [2010]: 699–703) describes a study that investigated the relationship
11.14 Example 11.1 looked at a study comparing students who use Facebook and students who do not use Facebook (“Facebook and Academic Performance,”Computers in Human Behavior [2010]:
11.15 The Nielsen Company conducts surveys each year about the use of various media, such as television and video viewing. A representative sample of adult Americans was surveyed in 2010, and the
11.16 Do female college students spend more time than male college students watching TV? This was one of the questions investigated by the authors of the paper“An Ecological Momentary Assessment of
11.18 The paper “The Observed Effects of Teenage Passengers on the Risky Driving Behavior of Teenage Drivers”(Accident Analysis and Prevention [2005]: 973– 982)investigated the driving behavior
11.23 Head movement evaluations are important because disabled individuals may be able to operate communications aids using head motion. The paper“Constancy of Head Turning Recorded in Healthy
11.11 Each person in random samples of 247 male and 253 female working adults living in Calgary, Canada, was asked how long, in minutes, his or her typical daily commute was (“Calgary Herald
11.10 Do male college students spend more time than female college students using a computer? This was one of the questions investigated by the authors of the paper “An Ecological Momentary
11.1 Consider two populations for which m1 5 30, s1 5 2, m2 5 25, and s2 5 3. Suppose that two independent random samples of sizes n1 5 40 and n2 5 50 are selected. Describe the approximate sampling
11.2 An individual can take either a scenic route to work or a nonscenic route. She decides that use of the nonscenic route can be justified only if it reduces the mean travel time by more than 10
11.3 The paper “Ladies First?” A Field Study of Discrimination in Coffee Shops” (Applied Economics [2008]: 1-19)describes a study in which researchers observed wait times in coffee shops in
11.4 In the paper “Happiness for Sale: Do Experiential Purchases Make Consumers Happier than Material Purchases?” (Journal of Consumer Research [2009]:188–197), the authors distinguish between
11.5 ● The article “Plugged In, but Tuned Out” (USA Today, January 20, 2010) summarizes data from two surveys of kids age 8 to 18. One survey was conducted in 1999 and the other was conducted
11.6 Can moving their hands help children learn math? This question was investigated in the paper“Gesturing Gives Children New Ideas about Math”(Psychological Science [2009]: 267–272).

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