One of the arguments put forth by advocates of lower tuition fees is that children of low or moderate income families will not be able to pay for a child’s university education. To examine this issue, a random sample of families whose children were at least 20 years old was drawn. Each family was asked to specify which of the following household income categories they fell into and whether at least one child had attended university (2 = yes and 1 = no).

1. Less than $25,000

2. $50,000 to $75,000

3. More than $100,000

Do these data allow researchers to conclude that family income affects whether children attend university?