A study is completed to examine the relationship between gender and sports participation. It is conducted by randomly surveying ninth-graders at Smith High School. The collected data is shown in Table 8-5.

Calculate the chi-square from the 2 × 2 table in Table 8-5. The p-value is < 0.005. Is sports participation significantly different for males and females in this sample? (See the “From the Statistician”: Methods calculation.)

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TABLE 8-5 No sports Sports participation Total Gender and Sports Participation among Ninth-Grade Students Male 30 70 100 Female 50 50 100 Total 80 120 200