Dante gave a survey to the anthropology students in his department. He had 42 female respondents and 31 male respondents. In his department the entire population of students is 59% female and 41% male. Conduct a one-variable chi-squared test to determine whether the proportion of male and female respondents in Dante’s study is representative of the population of anthropology students.

a. What is the null hypothesis for this study?

b. Is a one- or a two-tailed test appropriate for this example? Why?

c. How many degrees of freedom are in Dante’s data?

d. If α = .05, what is the χ²_crit value for the data?
e. Calculate the χ²_obs value.
f. Compare the χ²_crit value and the χ²_obs value. Should you reject or retain the null hypothesis in this example?

g. Calculate an odds ratio for each of the gender groups. Interpret these odds ratios.