Data 2.3 on page 66 describes a dataset about patients being admitted to an Intensive Care Unit at a large hospital. We use the patients for whom information is available as a sample from the population of all patients admitted to the ICU at this hospital. Use technology and the data stored in the file ICUAdmissions to answer the following questions. Justify your answers to the questions using specific values from the statistical software package that you use. In particular, for all tests, give the null and alternative hypotheses, the p-value from the computer output, and the conclusion in context.

(a) The average heart rate for healthy adults is 72 beats per minute. What is the average heart rate (HeartRate) for the sample of patients admitted to the ICU? Does it give evidence that the average heart rate of patients admitted to this ICU is different than 72?

(b) What proportion of patients in the sample died? Survival is coded as 0 = lived and 1 = died in the Status variable. Find and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of patients admitted to this ICU that die.

(c) Were more males or females admitted to this ICU in this sample? Gender is coded as 0 for male and 1 for female in the Sex variable. Is there evidence that the genders of patients are not equally split between males and females among all ICU patients at this hospital?

(d) Does the average age of patients admitted to this ICU differ between males and females?

(e) Does the proportion of patients who die differ between males and females?  

Data 2.3 on page 66

The dataset ICUAdmissions includes information on 200 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a hospital. Twenty variables are given for the patients being admitted, including age, gender, race, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, whether or not CPR was administered, and whether or not the patient lived or died.