The following article describes key technology areas that have been identified to modernize the transmission and distribution of electric power [14]. Included in this article are discussions of the following: (1) advanced control features including flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS); (2) advanced protection including digital technology for relays, communication and operation; (3) synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs) achieved through a Global Positioning System (GPS); (4) automatic calibration of instrument transformers using PMUs; (5) precise state measurements and estimates; and (6) intelligent visualization techniques.

Questions :-

A. What is a flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) device? One example of a FACTS device is a static synchronous compensator ("STATCON"). Briefly describe what a STATCOM is and find the location of one STATCOM device currently that has been installed in the United States (use the Internet).
B. What is a phasor measurement unit (PMU) in electric power systems? What is a synchronized PMU? What is measurement system called that incorporates PMUs deployed over a large portion of a power system?
C. How could a PMU be used to improve the performance of an instrument transformer?