Cedar Corporation reported a net operating loss in 2018 of $25,000,000. In 2019, Cedar reported taxable income before any NOL carryovers of $20,000,000. What is Cedar’s taxable income in 2019 and any NOL carryover to 2020?

Golf Corp. (GC), a calendar-year accrual-method corporation, held its directors meeting on December 15 of year 1. During the meeting the board of directors authorized GC to pay a $75,000 charitable contribution to the World Golf Foundation, a qualifying charity.

a. If GC actually pays $50,000 of this contribution on January 15 of year 2 and the remaining $25,000 on March 15 of year 2, what book-tax difference will it report associated with the contribution in year 1 (assume the 10 percent limitation does not apply)? Is it favorable or unfavorable? Is it permanent or temporary?

b. Assuming the same facts as in part a., what book-tax difference will GC report in year 2 (assuming the 10 percent limitation does not apply)? Is it favorable or unfavorable?

c. If GC actually pays $50,000 of this contribution on January 15 of year 2 and the remaining $25,000 on May 15 of year 2, what book-tax difference will it report associated with the contribution in year 1 (assume the 10 percent limitation does not apply)? Is it favorable or unfavorable? Is it permanent or temporary?

d. Assuming the same facts as in part c., what book-tax difference will GC report in year 2 (assuming the 10% limitation does not apply)? Is it favorable or unfavorable?