Temperature dependence of vacancy concentrations. Write a computer program that will provide a user with the equilibrium concentration of vacancies in a metallic element as a function of temperature. 

The user should specify a meaningful and valid range of temperatures (e.g., 100 to 1200 K for copper). Assume that the crystal structure originally specified is valid for this range of temperature. Ask the user to input the activation energy for the formation of one mole of vacancies (Q_v). The program then should ask the user to input the density of the element and crystal structure (FCC, BCC, etc.). You can use character variables to detect the type of crystal structures (e.g., “F” or “f” for FCC, “B” or “b” for BCC, etc.). Be sure to pay attention to the correct units for temperature, density, etc. The program should ask the user if the temperature range that has been provided is in °C, °F, or K and convert the temperatures properly into K before any calculations are performed. The program should use this information to establish the number of atoms per unit volume and provide an output for this value. The program should calculate the equilibrium concentration of vacancies at different temperatures. The first temperature will be the minimum temperature specified and then temperatures should be increased by 100 K or another convenient increment. You can make use of any graphical software to plot the data showing the equilibrium concentration of vacancies as a function of temperature. Think about what scales will be used to best display the results.