11. Consider n independent flips of a coin having probability p of landing heads. Say that a...
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11. Consider n independent flips of a coin having probability p of landing heads.
Say that a changeover occurs whenever an outcome differs from the one preceding it. For instance, if n = 5 and the outcome is HHTHT, then there is a total of 3 changeovers. Find the expected number of changeovers.
HINT: Express the number of changeovers as the sum of n - 1 Bernoulli random variables.
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