Question: A journalist was comparing the horsepower of a sample of contemporary American cars to the population value of horsepower for American cars of the 1970s.

A journalist was comparing the horsepower of a sample of contemporary American cars to the population value of horsepower for American cars of the 1970s. He concluded that there was a statistically significant difference, such that contemporary cars had more horsepower. Unfortunately, his conclusion was in error.

(a) What type of error did the journalist make?

(b) What conclusion should he have reached?

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