The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) compiles data on medical school faculty and publishes the results in AAMC Faculty Roster. The following contingency table cross-classifies medical school faculty by the characteristics gender and rank.

a. Find P(R3).
b. Find P(R3 | G1).
c. Are events G1 and R3 independent? Explain your answer.
d. For a medical school faculty member, is the event that the person is female independent of the event that the person is an associate professor? Explain your answer.

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Male Total Professor 21,224 3,194 24,418 Associate professor 16,332 5,400 21,732 Assistant professor 25.888 14,49140,379 5,775 5,185 10,960 R4 Other 781 723 1,504 Total 70,000 28,993 98,993