The parallel axis theorem provides a useful way to calculate the moment of inertia I about an arbitrary axis. The theorem states that I = Icm + Mh2, where Icm is the moment of inertia of the object relative to an axis that passes through the center of mass and is parallel to the axis of interest, M is the total mass of the object, and h is the perpendicular distance between the two axes. Use this theorem and information to determine an expression for the moment of inertia of a solid cylinder of radius R relative to an axis that lies on the surface of the cylinder and is perpendicular to the circular ends.