Question: Use the Underwood equations to estimate the minimum external-reflux ratio for the separation by distillation of 30 mol% propane in propylene to obtain 99 mol%

Use the Underwood equations to estimate the minimum external-reflux ratio for the separation by distillation of 30 mol% propane in propylene to obtain 99 mol% propylene and 98 mol% propane, if the feed condition at a column operating pressure of 300 psia is:

(a) Bubble-point liquid,

(b) Fifty mole percent vaporized, and

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