What is normal, when it comes to people's body temperatures? A random sample of 130 human body temperatures, provided by Allen Shoemaker3 in the Journal of Statistical Education, had a mean of 98.25° and a standard deviation of 0.73°. Does the data indicate that the average body temperature for healthy humans is different from 98.6°, the usual average temperature cited by physicians and others? Test using both methods given in this section.
a. Use the p-value approach with α = .05.
b. Use the critical value approach with α = .05.
c. Compare the conclusions from parts a and b. Are they the same?
d. The 98.6 standard was derived by a German doctor in 1868, who claimed to have recorded 1 million temperatures in the course of his research. What conclusions can you draw about his research in light of your conclusions in parts a and b?