You design a Carrot engine that operates between temperatures of 500 K and 400 K and produces 2000 J of work in each cycle.
(a) Calculate your engine's efficiency.
(b) Calculate the amount of beat discarded during the isothermal compression at 400 K.
(c) Sketch the 500 K and 400 K isotherms on a pV-diagram (no calculations); then sketch the Carnot cycle followed by your engine.
(d) On the same diagram, sketch the 300 K isotherm; then sketch, in a different color if possible, the Carnot cycle starting at the same point on the 500 K isotherm but operating in a cycle between the 500 K and 300 K isotherms.
(e) Compare the areas inside the loops (the net work done) for the two cycles. Notice that the same amount of heat is extracted from the hot reservoir in both cases. Can you explain why less heat is “wasted” during the 300 K isothermal compression than during the 400 K compression?