Calgary Paper Company produces paper for photocopiers. The company has developed standard overhead rates based on a monthly capacity of 180,000 direct-labor hours as follows:

Standard costs per unit (one box of paper):

Variable overhead (2 hours @ $3 per hour) ............ $6

Fixed overhead (2 hours @ $5 per hour) ............. 10

Total $ ..........................$16

During April, 90,000 units were scheduled for production: however, only 80,000 units were actually produced. The following data relate to April.

1. Actual direct-labor cost incurred was $1,567,500 for 165,000 actual hours of work.

2. Actual overhead incurred totaled $1,371,500, of which $511,500 was variable and $860,000 was fixed.

Required:

Prepare two exhibits similar to Exhibits 11-6 and 11-8 in the chapter, which show the following variances, State whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable, where appropriate.

1. Variable-overhead spending variance.

2. Variable-overhead efficiency variance.

3. Fixed-overhead budget variance.

4. Fixed-overhead volume variance.