Pancake collapse of a tall building. In the section of a tall building shown in Figure a,

Question:

Pancake collapse of a tall building. In the section of a tall building shown in Figure a, the infrastructure of any given floor K must support the weight W of all higher floors. Normally the infrastructure is constructed with a safety factor s so that it can withstand an even greater downward force of sW. If however, the support columns between K and L suddenly collapse and allow the higher floors to free-fall together onto floor K (Figure b), the force in the collision can exceed sW and, after a brief pause, cause K to collapse onto floor J, which collapses on floor I, and so on until the ground is reached. Assume that the floors are separated by d = 4.0 m and have the same mass. Also assume that when the floors above K free-fall onto K, the collision lasts 1.5ms. Under these simplified conditions, what value must the safety factor .s exceed to prevent pancake collapse of the building?