Please use the tables below to complete drug evaluation for the following question. Nivolumab (Opdivo) is a

Question:

Please use the tables below to complete drug evaluation for the following question.

Nivolumab (Opdivo) is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction between programmed death receptor (PD-1) and its legends, PD-L1 and PD-L2 that has FDA approval for the following indication:

                                                   

  1. Treatment of patients with unrespectable or metastatic melanoma 

[Generic name (Brand®)]

Drug Information

Mechanism of Action




Requested Indication

 (approved/unapproved)



Route of Administration



Dosage Forms


Dose


Adjustment required in 

specific population


• Liver • Renal • Not studied

• Others, specify ………………………

Indicator for pediatrics




• Yes • No  • Not Studied • Age group out off

Pharmacokinetics


Absorption


Distribution


Time To Peak


Metabolism


Excretion


Half Life


Others


SAFETY

Common Adverse 

Reactions (%)


 Serious adverse 

Reactions (%)


Drug interactions 


Contra-indications / Precautions


Monitoring Requirements



Sound-Alike/ Look-Alike


Boxed warning or 

alerts issued


High Alert 


• Yes • No

Handling

• Hazardous/cytotoxic Precaution • None • Others……………… 

Cost

Cost/pack


Cost/patient/month (or treatment course)



Table 1: Summary of Published Evidence (Efficacy & Safety)



Ref

Design*

Drug regimens 

n

Duration

Outcome

Measures

Demographics

Results/Comments

NNT

1.


1.[TEXT]

2.[TEXT]

3.[TEXT]

4.[TEXT]





[Arm 1] [Arm 2] [Arm 3] [Arm4] 

 x xxx

 x xxx


2.


1.[TEXT]

2.[TEXT]

3.[TEXT]

4.[TEXT]





[Arm 1] [Arm 2] [Arm 3] [Arm4] 

 x xxx

 x xxx


3.


1.[TEXT]

2.[TEXT]

3.[TEXT]

4.[TEXT]





[Arm 1] [Arm 2] [Arm 3] [Arm4] 

 x xxx

 x xxx


4.


1.[TEXT]

2.[TEXT]

3.[TEXT]

4.[TEXT]





[Arm 1] [Arm 2] [Arm 3] [Arm4] 

 x xxx

 x  xxx


*Study design abbreviations: DB=Double Blind, RTC=Randomized Control Trial, PC=Placebo Controlled, PG=Parallel Group, XO=Crossover, MC=Multi-center.

NNT (Number needed to treat)=100/Absolute risk reduction, calculated only if P value less than 0.05 (i.e.: statistically significant)




Summary of evidence:


Efficacy/Safety (details table 1)














Level 1a

Systematic review of a randomized controlled trials


A

There is good evidence to support the recommendation

Level 1b

Individual randomized controlled trial


B

There is fair evidence to support the recommendation

Level 2a

Systematic review of cohort studies


C

There is poor or no evidence to support the recommendation

Level 2b

Individual cohort study




Level 3a

Systematic review of case-controlled studies




Level 3b

Individual case-control study




Level 4

Case series




Level 5

Expert opinion





Levels of Evidence: Grades of Recommendations                         


Summary of the evaluation: 

Pros

Cons

Uncertainty

1-

1-

1-

2-

2-

2-

3-

3-

3-

4-

4-

4-

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Related Book For  book-img-for-question

Income Tax Fundamentals 2013

ISBN: 9781285586618

31st Edition

Authors: Gerald E. Whittenburg, Martha Altus Buller, Steven L Gill

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