Analyze the effect on the arms race of each of the following strategies:

a. Country X increases the accuracy of its missiles by using a better guidance system.

b. Country X increases the payload (destructive power) of its missiles without sacrificing accuracy.

c. Country X is able to retarget its missiles in flight so that it can aim for missiles that previous warheads have failed to destroy.

d. Country Y employs sea-launched ballistic missiles.

e. Country Y adds long-range intercontinental bombers to its arsenal.

f. Country X develops sophisticated jamming devices that dramatically increase the probability of neutralizing the guidance systems of Country Y 's missiles.