Match each of the vignettes below with one of the follow ing phenomena: ambiguity aversion, cancellation, certainty effect, competence hypothesis, silver lining, and mental accounting. If in doubt, pick the best fit.

(a) Abraham is seriously depressed after his girlfriend of several years leaves him for his best friend. His therapist tells him that every time a door closes, another one opens. Abraham thinks about all the other potential girlfriends out there and finally feels a little better.

(b) Berit is trying to save money by limiting the amount of money she spends eating out. She tells herself she must never spend more than

$100 each week in restaurants. It is Sunday night, and Berit realizes that she has spent no more than $60 eating out during the past week.

She does not quite feel like going out, but tells herself that she must not miss the opportunity to have a $40 meal.

(c) Charles is not much of a gambler and rarely accepts bets. The exception is politics. He considers himself a true policy expert and is happy to accept bets when it comes to the outcome of local and national elections. His friends note that he still does not win the bets more than about half of the time.

(d) According to a common saying: “Better the devil you know than the devil you don’t.”

(e) Elissa very much wants to go to medical school, but cannot stand the thought of not knowing whether she will pass the rigorous curricu lum. Instead, she decides to sign up for a less demanding physical therapy curriculum that she is confident that she can pass.