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business statistics a first course

Questions and Answers of Business Statistics A First Course

14.78 To help ensure that packages contain at least the stated weight of 12 ounces, a cereal manufacturer wants the filling machine set to 12.5 ounces. For a random sample of boxes, the weights (in
14.77 Two investment counselors have evaluated the 15 major companies in an industry according to their potential as a “safe investment.” Both counselors agree that company C is the best firm in
14.76 For a random sample of drivers using an automated toll booth that requires exact change, the following data show the elapsed time (in seconds) from the moment the vehicle stopped to the moment
14.75 During her interview with an urban firm, Betty was told by the personnel director that she would typically require “no more than 20 minutes” to drive to work from the apartment complex to
14.74 An interviewer has been told to randomly select respondents and to include x 5 whether or not they are a college graduate among the data recorded. The categories of the first 30 persons
14.73 Selecting a position that ensures that you will not be conspicuous, stand or park near a local convenience store and observe 35 consecutive individuals entering the store. Jot down whether each
14.72 Prior to taking an aerobics class, each of 12 health-club members is asked to rate the instructor on a scale in which 3 5 “excellent,” 2 5 “good,” and 1 5“poor.” Following the
14.71 Three different O-ring shapes are being considered for use in a deep-sea submersible vehicle that will be remote-operated from the surface vessel. Because the sealing effectiveness depends
14.70 The manager of a photography studio has carried out an experiment to compare the attractiveness of four different poster-size photographs for use in the display window. During 23 business days
14.69 A consumer magazine is evaluating five brands of trash compactors for their effectiveness in reducing the volume of typical household products that are discarded.In the experiment, each block
14.68 In a fast-food restaurant, it’s desirable to have seats that are comfortable but not too comfortable.Patrons sitting at a seat that is too comfortable may tend to linger and tax the capacity
14.67 The resting pulse rates of 6 randomly selected adults have been measured before and after a 4-week aerobic fitness program, with the results listed below. At the 0.05 level, can we conclude
14.66 It has been reported that the median price of a home purchased in Portland, Oregon, during 2007 was$295,200. For a random sample of homes purchased in a certain area of the city during that
14.65 Comparing the lifetimes of two brands of penlight batteries, a researcher has randomly selected 10 batteries of brand A and 10 of brand B, then subjected each battery to the same usage test.
14.64 Two different paste wax formulations are being compared to see if they hold up equally well in repeated washing at an automated car wash. On each of 10 test vehicles, formulas A and B are
14.63 Last year’s rates of return for a random sample of mutual funds are listed in file XR14063. Using either the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test or the chi-square test for normality and the 0.10 level of
14.62 For the set of winning margins in Exercise 14.61, use either the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test or the chi-square test for normality and the 0.05 level of significance in examining whether the data
14.61 For the first 43 Super Bowl games, the winning margins are listed in file XR14061. At the 0.10 level of significance, can this sequence be considered as other than random? Identify and
14.60 For the first 43 Super Bowl games, the winner is listed in file XR14060 according to “1” (American Conference) or “2” (National Conference). At the 0.05 level of significance, can this
14.59 According to R.L. Polk & Company, the median age of automobiles and trucks on the road in the United States is about 9 years. The ages for a random sample of vehicles in the executive parking
14.58 Testing the effect of a diet and exercise regimen on subjects’ cholesterol levels, a sports medicine clinic enlists 40 volunteers whose cholesterol levels are measured before and after the
14.57 A Republican and a Democrat candidate for political office have each rated the 12 most recent pieces of legislation in their state from 1 (most beneficial to the state)to 12 (least beneficial).
14.56 For the data of Exercise 14.16, convert the husbands’and wives’ expenditures to ranks, then determine and interpret the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation.At the 0.05 level, does rs
14.55 Two travel editors have each ranked 10 popular vacation spots according to the value they represent for the money. The sum of the squared differences between their rankings is 28. Determine and
14.54 What is the Spearman coefficient of rank correlation, what range of values can it have, and how is its numerical value interpreted?
14.53 A local supermarket has contracted for floor cleaning and polishing to be done each evening by a small work crew using mechanized equipment. After the crew has performed the service for several
14.52 Product testers for a radio manufacturer routinely select a sample of units from the production line and test circuit integrity by subjecting each unit to extreme vibrations that are
14.51 A random sample of recent LSAT (Law School Admission Test) scores submitted by applicants to a university’s law program are as listed below. Using the 0.10 level of significance, apply the
14.50 Franchise headquarters claims it randomly selected the local franchises that received surprise visits during the past year. The sequence of visits is as shown below for male (M) versus female
14.49 From 1789 through 1870, the last names of associate justices appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court were as coded below. Last names beginning with A–M are shown as a “1,” those beginning
14.48 How many runs are there in each of the following series?a. 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1b. 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1c. 1 1 1 0 0
14.47 In the runs test for randomness, what is a “run”?
14.46 Using the data of Exercise 14.8 and the 0.05 level, apply the sign test to compare the data with the claimed median. How do the results compare to those of that exercise? If they differ, what
14.45 Using the data of Exercise 14.13 and the 0.10 level, apply the sign test to compare the two samples.How do the results compare to those of that exercise?If they differ, what does this imply
14.44 For n 5 6 nonzero differences in a one-sample test, there are 5 (1) differences for d 5 x 2 20. Use the 0.10 level of significance in testing H0: md # 20 versus H1: md . 20.
14.43 For n 5 8 nonzero differences between paired observations, there are 5 (1) differences for d 5 x1 2 x2.Use the 0.05 level of significance in testing H0: md 5 0 versus H1: md 0.
14.42 Whether testing a single sample or comparing paired samples, how should one go about deciding whether to use the sign test versus the Wilcoxon signed rank test?
14.41 What role does the binomial distribution play in the sign test, and when is it permissible to use the normal approximation in carrying out the test?
14.40 To evaluate whether three of its slopes should be classified as equally difficult, a ski resort sets up an experiment in which three skiers from each skill category(A beginner to F expert)
14.39 Three movie critics have each rated a number of current movies on a scale of 1 poor to 10 excellent.Given the ratings in file XR14039, use the 0.025 level of significance in comparing the
14.38 An extermination firm is testing several brands of pesticide spray, all of which claim to be effective against ants. Under controlled conditions, each spray is used on 10 ants of the species
14.37 A researcher has obtained the following salary figures for the mayor, police chief, and fire chief for a sample of U.S. cities. Assuming these to be a random sample of major cities in the
14.36 The randomized block design has been used in comparing the effectiveness of three treatments, with the data as shown in the table. Using the 0.05 level of significance, can we conclude that the
14.35 Compare the Friedman test with the randomized block ANOVA in terms of (a) their respective null and alternative hypotheses, and (b) the assumptions required in order to use each test.
14.34 The Environmental Protection Agency measures city fuel economy by placing the vehicle on a laboratory dynamometer and determining the amount of fuel consumed during a standard speed-distance
14.33 For three random samples of employees, each sample consisting of employees from a given age group, the data in file XR14033 show the number of absences over the past 6 months. At the 0.10
14.32 In an agricultural test, each of four organic compounds is applied to a sample of plants. At the end of 4 weeks, the heights of the plants are as shown here. At the 0.025 level, are the
14.31 In testing three different rubber compounds, a tire manufacturer finds the tread life of tires made from each to be as shown below. At the 0.05 level, could the three compounds deliver the same
14.30 A sample of five law firms has been selected from each of three major cities for the purpose of obtaining a quote for legal services on a relatively routine business contract. The quotes
14.29 For the following independent and random samples, use the 0.10 level of significance in testing whether the population medians could be equal. Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 313 361 197
14.28 For the following independent and random samples, use the 0.05 level of significance in testing whether the population medians could be equal. Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 31.3 29.4 36.0 30.7
14.27 Differentiate between the Kruskal-Wallis test and the one-way analysis of variance in terms of their assumptions and the circumstances under which each should be applied.
14.19 A company has randomly selected a number of employees to test the effectiveness of a speed-reading course. If the course is found to significantly increase reading speed, it will be offered to
14.18 Early in the 1995–1996 NHL hockey season, players and coaches observed with great interest an apparent drop in the number of goals scored so far during that season, compared to scoring over
14.17 A new procedure is being tested for the assembly of electronic circuit boards. For each of five employees, the time required to assemble a board is measured for both the current procedure and
14.16 A researcher studying the purchase habits of eight married couples has found they spent the amounts shown below for clothing. At the 0.05 level, can we conclude that the population of husbands
14.15 Tom Frederick is the computer support manager for a large company whose employees have been complaining about “spam,” which many of us know as unwanted e-mail to solicit our money or our
14.14 For ten paired samples, the data are as listed here.For d the difference between paired observations(x1 x2), use the 0.10 level of significance in testing H0: md 0 versus H1: md 0. Sample:
14.13 For nine paired samples, the data are as listed in the table. For d the difference between paired observations(x1 x2), use the 0.10 level of significance in testing H0: md 0 versus H1: md 0.
14.12 What is the parametric counterpart to the Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired samples? Compare the assumptions involved in using the respective tests.
14.11 The median age for a male at the time of his first marriage has been reported as 27.5 years. In a given region, a random sample of males’ first marriages showed the ages listed in data file
14.10 The placement director for a university claims that last year’s graduates had a median starting salary of $35,000. For a random sample of graduates, the starting salaries, in thousands of
14.9 As a guideline, a local Internal Revenue Service office recommends that auditors try to spend 15 minutes or less with taxpayers who are called in for audit interviews. In a recent random sample
14.8 According to the director of a county tourist bureau, there is a median of 10 hours of sunshine per day during the summer months. For a random sample of 20 days during the past three summers,
14.7 Given the following randomly selected observations, use the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the 0.01 level of significance in examining whether the population median could be greater than 37.0.
14.6 Given the following randomly selected observations, use the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the 0.05 level of significance in examining whether the population median could be equal to 4.9. Using
14.5 What is the parametric counterpart to the Wilcoxon signed rank test for one sample? Compare the assumptions involved in using the respective tests.
13.88 Given the information in Exercise 13.87 and data file XR13087, determine the 95% confidence interval for the population variance of the speeds of vehicles passing this location on the urban
13.87 Safety researchers in a government agency believe that too much variability in the speeds of vehicles on urban sections of interstate highways can contribute to accidents by causing a greater
13.86 Researchers have coded a random sample of house holds according to household income (1 5 under$30,000, 2 5 $30,000–$49,999, 3 5 $50,000–$69,999, and 4 5 $70,000 or more) and number of
13.85 For a random sample of households in a county, file XR13085 lists the number of TV sets owned by each of the households in the study. Using the 0.025 level of significance, test whether x 5 the
13.84 The data in file XR13084 represent the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores for a random sample of 200 high school seniors who have taken the exam.Using the 0.025 level of significance, test
13.83 At the beginning of last year, a power company asked each of its industrial customers to estimate how much electricity it would require during the year. At the end of the year, the power
13.82 A casting machine is supposed to produce units for which the standard deviation of weights is 0.4 ounces.According to the maker of the machine, it should be shut down and thoroughly examined
13.81 A campus newspaper is examining the extent to which various segments of the university community favor the Student Government Association’s recommendation that the school make the transition
13.80 An aspirin manufacturer has designed the childproof cap on its bottles so that it must be pressed down before it can be turned and removed. A consumer magazine has randomly purchased 15 bottles
13.79 Union members in a large firm work in three departments: assembly, maintenance, and shipping/receiving. Twenty of a random sample of 30 assembly workers say they intend to ratify the new
13.78 Over the past year, an audio store has sold stereo systems produced by three different manufacturers. Of the 400 units from company A, 12% were returned for service during the warranty period.
13.77 According to the Bureau of the Census, 36%of U.S. adults in the $20,001–$35,000 income group participated in adult education during the most recent reporting year. Data for this and other
13.76 A local bank has recently installed an automatic teller machine (ATM). At a regional meeting, an ATM specialist tells the bank manager that usage times will be normally distributed and the
13.75 Taking air samples at random times during a 2-month period, an environmental group finds the standard deviation of ozone concentration measurements in the vicinity of a chemical plant to be
13.74 Three different instructional techniques are being considered for training mechanics to perform a difficult emissions-reduction adjustment on fuel-injection engines.Each of 60 mechanics is
13.73 Of the students at a large university, 30% are freshmen, 25% are sophomores, 25% are juniors, and 20%are seniors. The representation of the four classes in the 100-member marching band is found
13.72 The following contingency table describes types of collisions versus driving environments for a random sample of two-vehicle accidents that occurred in a given region last year. At the 0.01
13.71 Twenty-five percent of the employees of a large firm have been with the firm less than 10 years, 40% have been with the firm for 10 to 20 years, and 35% have been with the firm for more than 20
13.70 A national public television network has found that 35% of its contributions are for less than $20, with 45% for $20–$50, and 20% for more than $50. In a random sample of 200 of the
13.69 According to the Bureau of the Census, the U.S.population includes 37.7 million persons who were born in Europe, Asia, the Caribbean, Central America, South America, or in another area outside
13.68 A newspaper reporter, collecting data for a feature article on her state lottery system, has found the 200 digits most recently selected to be distributed as shown below. Based on this
13.67 The following data are the number of persons who were waiting in line at a checkout counter at 100 randomly selected times during the week. At the 0.05 level, test whether the population of
13.66 For the most recent year reported, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has listed the following data for robberies in the United States. Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States 2006,
13.65 Frank Gerbel, a local insurance representative, has hired a part-time assistant to make “cold” calls on potential customers. The assistant has been given a quota of 20 such calls to make
13.64 The personnel director of a large firm has summarized a random sample of last year’s absentee reports in the accompanying contingency table. At the 0.01 level of significance, test the
13.63 Given the information in Exercise 13.62 and data file XR13062, determine the 98% confidence interval for the population variance of the cooked weights for hamburgers prepared using the
13.62 In past studies, a fast-food franchise has found the standard deviation of weights for quarter-pound hamburgers to be approximately 0.28 ounces after cooking. A consultant has suggested a new
13.61 According to industry specifications, the standard deviation of gasket thicknesses for a given application must be no more than 3 thousandths of an inch. In a random sample of 25 gaskets
13.60 A random sample of n 5 12 is drawn from a population that is normally distributed, and the sample variance is s2 5 19.3. Use 5 0.025 in testing H0:2 # 9.4 versus H1: 2 . 9.4.
13.59 A random sample of n 5 30 is drawn from a population that is normally distributed, and the sample variance is s2 5 41.5. Use 5 0.05 in testing H0:2 5 29.0 versus H1: 2 29.0.
13.58 An instrument maker has randomly selected and submitted 20 of its electronic blood- pressure measurement units to a medical laboratory for testing. At the lab, each unit measures the “blood
13.57 During the early stages of production for a single-cylinder engine designed for use in portable generators, the manufacturer randomly selects 12 engines from the end of the assembly line and
13.56 A pharmaceutical company has specified that the variation in the quantity of active ingredient in its leading prescription medication must be such that the population standard deviation must be

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