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industrial organizational psychology understanding the workplace

Questions and Answers of Industrial Organizational Psychology Understanding The Workplace

17. The feeling of well-being that results from nicotine or cocaine use is due to the activity of which of the following neurotransmitters?a. Dopamineb. Serotoninc. Acetylcholined. Endorphins
2. There is a negative relationship or correlation between sleep and age. This means that:a. the older we get, the more sleep we need.b. the older we get, the less sleep we need.c. the more you
1. Which of the following is not a benefit of sleep?a. Increased alertnessb. Memory processingc. Decreased immunity to diseased. Enhanced mood
5. Deana takes a drug that blocks adenosine in her brain. This drug causes her to be more alert and enhances her ability to focus. If she takes too much, it causes irritability, nausea, and a racing
4. Mick, a successful author, has been drinking alcohol for 10 years. He feels that alcohol relaxes him and expands his mind, which makes him a more creative writer. In fact, he never attempts to
3. The designer drug Ecstasy, or MDMA, produces effects similar to what two categories of drugs?a. Stimulants and depressantsb. Hallucinogens and depressantsc. Stimulants and hallucinogensd. Opiates
2. Rolanda takes a drug that raises her blood pressure and heart rate, makes her feel euphoric and excited, and suppresses her appetite. Rolanda in all likelihood has not taken ________.a. cocaineb.
1. Psychoactive drugs often have short-term and sometimes long-term effects on child development when mothers-to-be take the drug during pregnancy.Ethical guidelines on testing the effects of these
4. Which of the following is the best description of mindfulness-meditation?a. Focusing your attention on everything at once.b. Focusing your attention on nothing at all.c. Focusing your attention on
3. Cecilia has been hypnotized and told that she will not feel pain in her right hand. Her right hand is then immersed in freezing cold water. According to the dissociation theory of hypnosis, what
2. Which of the following statements about hypnosis is false?a. Everyone can be hypnotized.b. Hypnosis can promote relaxation.c. Memories recalled under hypnosis are not always accurate.d. Not all
1. Research on hypnosis suggests that it is least helpful for which of the following?a. Relieving painb. Decreasing anxietyc. Curing addictionsd. Enhancing physical performance
5. Which of the following is poor advice to give to someone who is experiencing insomnia?a. Avoid napsb. Exercise during the day.c. Go to bed when you feel tired and wake up when you feel rested.d.
3. Alfred is just falling asleep. An EEG would most likely show Alfred exhibiting brain waves.a. betab. deltac. sleep spindled. theta
4. Which of the following brain waves is most likely to occur during slow-wave sleep?a. Betab. Alphac. Deltad. Theta
16. Which of the following variables influences a drug’s effects?a. How much of the drug is takenb. Your tolerance to the drugc. Your expectations about the drug’s effectsd. All of the above
15. Howe has been using methamphetamine for several months now. If he stops taking the drug, which of the following is he most likely to experience?a. Paranoiab. Enhanced moodc. Skin lesionsd. High
14. Paz now needs more alcohol to get high than she did when she first started drinking. Paz has developed alcohol.a. an addiction tob. tolerance toc. a withdrawal fromd. a margin of safety for
13. Which of the following drugs is a depressant?a. Ecstasyb. Nicotinec. PCPd. Alcohol
12. Which of the following is true in regards to meditation-mindfulness practices?a. They engage those parts of the brain that regulate attention and emotion.b. They change the structure of the
11. Which of the following is not a well-documented use of hypnosis?a. Decreasing anxietyb. Relieving painc. Recovering memoriesd. Enhancing therapy
10. EEG brain-wave patterns of people who are hypnotized show an increase in waves.a. thetab. deltac. betad. alpha
9. Why is melatonin referred to as the “Dracula hormone”?a. Because it increases during the dayb. Because it increases at nightc. Because it is in the bloodd. Because it was first found in bats
8. When Kaitlin wakes up in the morning, she recalls having a dream that toads were invading her room.According to Sigmund Freud, Kaitlin’s recall is an example of .a. latent contentb. manifest
7. Dr. Surrell believes that dreaming evolved to help us rehearse potentially harmful events. Dr. Surrell is endorsing which dream theory?a. Freudian theoryb. Activation-synthesis theoryc. Continuity
6. Recent research suggests a relationship between the sleep spindles of stage II sleep and .a. processing of motor skillsb. body restorationc. storage of memoriesd. growth hormone
5. Benita often wakes up in the morning feeling very tired, despite sleeping 9 to 10 hours. Her partner has noticed that she often emits loud snores and seems to have erratic breathing while she is
4. The suprachiasmatic nucleus increases the release of melatonin as it gets darker outside. This represents a _______ correlation between amount of melatonin and amount of daylight.a. negativeb.
3. Which of the following statements about sleep is false?a. Sleep patterns change with age.b. Everyone needs at least 8 hours of sleep a night.c. Some people are night owls, whereas others are early
4. You have been charged with determining the additional amount of sugar one would have to add to a cup of coffee that already contained two teaspoons of sugar to produce a jnd. How would you go
3. Assume you work on the staff of an assisted-living home. Most of your clients are people in their 80s and 90s. How can you use your knowledge of sensation and perception to do your job better? In
2. Because you are studying sensation in psychology, your uncle asks you to explain why he cannot distinguish red objects from green objects. What would you tell him?
1. Your younger sister listens to music at a very loud level through headphones nearly every day. What would you tell her to convince her to turn down the volume?
20. According to your text, we experience perceptual constancies for all of the following except which one?a. Sizeb. Texturec. Shaped. Brightness
19. In which of the following situations would you be most likely to use bottom-up perceptual processing?a. When viewing a piece of abstract art composed of nothing but paint splatters on a canvasb.
18. Mike was in an accident that injured his right eye.Although he’ll recover, he must wear an eye patch for the next 2 weeks. During this time, Mike’s doctor will not allow him to drive a car.
17. Karina goes to a Halloween party where she meets a man who is wearing a monster mask that covers his entire face. Later, when her best friend asks her to describe the man, she describes him as
16. The fact that men who are exposed to fertile women drink more alcohol than males who are exposed to infertile women is most consistent with the notion that humans possess a(n) sense.a.
15. Ultimately, most taste information is processed in the cortex of the brain.a. somatosensoryb. occipitalc. temporald. motor
14. Researchers have argued that our ability to taste sweet flavors is best when the food is placed on the front of our tongues. To test this theory, a researcher randomly selects 20 males and 20
13. In signal detection theory, if you think you hear your phone ringing, but it is not actually ringing, you have just experienced a .a. missb. hitc. correct rejectiond. false alarm
5. Find a picture of Vincent Van Gogh’s painting Starry Night. What monocular depth cues are used in this painting? Provide specific examples of your choices.6. Identify several species of animal
In this chapter, you read about the famous study done by James Vicary in the 1950s, which examined the effectiveness of subliminal persuasion. Please review that study now in Section 3.1.3 and answer
2. Hap is at a workshop and falls asleep. Hap’s brainwave pattern shows theta waves interrupted by short bursts of electrical activity. Hap is in what stage of sleep?a. Stage Ib. Stage IIc. Stage
1. Ronnie has a dream that he is being chased by a golden goose. He is told that this reflects his anxiety about impregnating women. This analysis represents the __________ of his dream.a. manifest
4.3 Identify depressants, opiates, stimulants, and hallucinogens, and describe the effects these types of drugs have on our health, cognition, and behavior. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.2, 3.3)
4.3 Define tolerance and substance use disorder, and explain how one’s biology, expectations, and culture influence how psychoactive drugs work. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.2, 2.5, 3.2)
4.2 Distinguish between meditation and mindfulness and detail the research limitations in understanding the benefits of these practices.
4.2 Examine the scientific research to critically evaluate what hypnosis can and cannot do for you.(APA 2.1, 2.2, 5.1)
4.2 Detail the experience of hypnosis, describe hypnotic susceptibility, and apply the neodissociation and response set theories to how hypnosis occurs.(APA 1.1, 1.2)
4.1 Describe and distinguish among the various sleep disorders. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
4.1 Compare and contrast the different theories on dreaming. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
4.1 Describe the stages we progress through during a typical night of sleep. (APA 1.1, 2.2)
4.1 Describe how our circadian rhythm of sleep operates, and apply how disruptions in this circadian rhythm influence our behavior. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
4.1 Discuss why we sleep and understand the variables that influence individual variations in the amount of sleep we need. (APA 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.5)
12. Jonas, a retired jet engine mechanic, is 65 years old.Lately he’s been experiencing some hearing loss. From what you know about hearing and exposure to loud sounds, what would you predict about
18. Sven still experiences visual disturbances and dramatic mood swings after taking LSD several months ago. Sven is most likely experiencing .a. HPPDb. PTSDc. persistent psychosisd. tweaking
In this chapter, you read about Schachter & Singer’s (1962)study on the two-factor theory of emotion in which they injected participants with epinephrine to examine the role that arousal plays in
10. Being obese is defined as .a. being at least 20 pounds overweightb. having a BMI of at least 30c. being at least 100 pounds overweightd. having a BMI of at least 50
9. Damage to which area of the brain would most likely result in weight gain in a rat?a. The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)b. The lateral hypothalamus (LH)c. The thalamusd. The hippocampus
8. If you injected a hungry rat with ghrelin, what would likely happen?a. The rat would become even hungrier.b. The rat would stop eating immediately.c. The rat would stop eating only if it had
7. A person with a high level of CCK in their bloodstream would likely .a. feel intense hungerb. have just finished a large mealc. also have a large amount of ghrelin in their bloodstreamd. be on the
6. According to Abraham Maslow, which of the following is the highest level of motivation we experience?a. Belongingnessb. Safety needsc. Aesthetic needsd. Physiological needs
5. Which of the following is the best example of extrinsic motivation?a. Working on your favorite hobby in your free timeb. Doing a good deed in keeping with your own moral codec. Working hard to
4. Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop?a. Scratching a mosquito bite, making it itch moreb. Sexual arousal, leading one to desire more stimulationc. Drinking water when
3. The Yerkes-Dodson Law predicts that most people perform best at a moderate level of arousal. Dr. Wills conducts a study to examine the relationship between arousal and performance. She has 300
2. Which of the following is most likely to be a primary drive?a. Feeling sleepy and wanting to go to bedb. Longing to be loved by othersc. Wanting a good jobd. Need for achievement
1. According to William James, motives are best characterized as .a. drivesb. instinctsc. desiresd. needs
3. Mohammed and Betty are each stuck in a traffic jam. Mohammed remains calm, but Betty begins to get very angry. Which theory of emotion best explains Mohammed’s and Betty’s different emotions
2. Derrick and Monique each went out on blind dates.Derrick took his date to dinner. Monique took her date to a football game. According to the two-factor theory of emotion, who is more likely to go
11. Belinda often binges by eating large quantities of food. After these binges, she feels bad about herself but does little to change her eating behavior. As a result of these binges, Belinda is
12. For men, which of the following is not correlated with having a homosexual orientation?a. Being Native Americanb. Being the youngest of four brothersc. Being left handedd. All of the above are
4. Pretend that you are in charge of developing a campaign to prevent eating disorders in teenage girls.What type of campaign would you develop?
3. Sabina was cut off in traffic on the way home from work, nearly causing her to have a serious accident.Immediately on arriving home, Sabina finds that her partner has left a dirty towel on the
2. What would life be like if humans did not have the capacity for emotion?
1. Assume that you are a scientist who is trying to develop a new appetite suppressant pill for weight loss.Given your understanding of hunger, what kind of an effect would you want your pill to have
20. The fact that women are discouraged from expressing anger in a given culture is an example of .a. the two-factor theory of emotionb. a reappraisalc. a display ruled. a primary appraisal
19. Which of the following theories of emotion defines emotion as a pattern of physiological response in the body?a. James-Lange theory of emotionb. Cannon-Bard theory of emotionc.
18. Which theory of emotion best explains why someone would feel more sexual attraction to their partner while at a concert than with the same partner in a library?a. James-Lange theory of emotionb.
17. Which theory of emotion best explains why one student panics before an exam and another remains calm?a. James-Lange theory of emotionb. Cannon-Bard theory of emotionc. Cognitive-mediational
16. Sabrina is married with two kids. What do we know about Sabrina’s sexual orientation?a. She’s homosexual.b. She’s bisexual.c. She’s heterosexual.d. We cannot tell from this information.
15. Male and female sexual response cycles differ most significantly in which stage?a. Excitement phaseb. Orgasm phasec. Plateau phased. Resolution phase
14. In humans, sexual desire is not influenced by which of the following chemicals?a. Testosteroneb. Oxytocinc. Dopamined. Acetylcholine
13. When a female mammal is receptive to sexual intercourse, she is said to be in .a. estrusb. resolutionc. the refractory periodd. the plateau phase
1. Which of the following is not traditionally thought of as a basic emotion?a. Fearb. Sadnessc. Prided. Happiness
3. Paul has been married for 5 years to Lisa. However, he is primarily sexually attracted to men and not to women. What is Paul’s sexual orientation?a. Heterosexualb. Homosexualc. Bisexuald. Both a
5.3 Explain the biological and psychological components of sexual desire. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
5.2 Describe bulimia, anorexia, and binge eating disorder and explain their possible causes.(APA 1.1, 1.3)
5.2 Describe the prevalence of weight-based prejudice and the factors that affect it. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 3.3)
5.2 Explain what is known about why some people become obese. (APA 1.1, 1.3)
5.2 Describe the feedback our bodies use to regulate hunger. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.1)
5.1 Describe the different theoretical ways of conceptualizing motivation. (APA 1.1, 1.2)
5.1 Describe how psychologists define motivation.(APA 1.1)
In one of the studies discussed in Section 4.1.1 on the influence of sleep on memory Gais, Lucas, & Born (2006)had participants learn German vocabulary word lists in the evening at 8 p.m. and then
4. How prevalent is drug use at your campus? Design a research survey to assess this issue at your school.Administer the survey to student volunteers following the ethical procedures for
3. How would you rate your hypnotic susceptibility? Indicate under what circumstances you would consider using hypnosis as a therapy or treatment, and why.
2. Keep a dream log for a week. Applying the different theories on dreaming, interpret what your dreams mean. Which of these interpretations seems the most plausible, and why?
1. Given the numerous factors, such as age and lifestyle, that influence the amount of sleep a person needs, apply each of these factors to the amount of sleep that you get. How can you improve the
5.3 Describe the phases of the sexual response cycle in men and women. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.1)
5.3 Distinguish between sexual orientation and sexual behavior, and describe the research investigating the causes of sexual orientation. (APA 1.1, 1.3, 2.4, 3.3)

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