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introduction to materials management

Questions and Answers of Introduction To Materials Management

What is the purpose of the process capability index Cp and the Cpk? How do they differ? LO.1
What is tolerance, and how does it relate to the USL and LSL? LO.1
In which two ways can a process create defects? LO.1
What percentage of the observations will fall within 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations of the mean? LO.1
What is meant by the spread? What are the two measures of it? LO.1
What is the arithmetic mean or average? LO.1
What is a normal distribution? Why is it important in quality control? LO.1
What is assignable variation? LO.1
What is chance variation? What are the causes of it? How can it be altered? LO.1
Name and describe each of the costs of quality. What is the best way to reduce the costs of quality? LO.1
What is the purpose of performance measurement? LO.1
What are the three key factors in supplier partnerships? LO.1
What is empowerment, and why is it important in TQM? LO.1
What does customer focus mean? Who is the customer? LO.1
What are the six basic concepts of TQM? LO.1
What is total quality management, and what are its objectives? LO.1
Name and describe the eight dimensions to quality. LO.1
In which four areas must quality be considered? How do they interrelate? LO.1
What is the definition of quality? LO.1
Mutually beneficial supplier relationships: synergy can be found in such relationships? LO.1
Factual approach to decision making: acknowledging that sound decisions must be based on analysis of factual data and information? LO.1
Continual improvement: as a permanent organizational objective, recognizing and acting on the fact that in all cases further improvement is possible? LO.1
System approach to management: expands on the previous principle in that achieving any objective requires a system of interrelated processes? LO.1
Process approach: recognizing that all work is done through processes and managed accordingly? LO.1
Involvement of people: ensuring that all employees at all levels are able to fully use their abilities for the organization’s benefit? LO.1
Leadership: establishing direction, unity of purpose, and a supportive work environment? LO.1
Customer focus: understanding customer needs, striving to exceed customer expectations? LO.1
Material. Consistent raw materials give better results than poor quality, inconsistent, ungraded materials? LO.1
Machine.Well-maintained machines tend to give more consistent output than a poorly maintained, sloppy machine? LO.1
People. Poorly trained operators tend to be more inconsistent compared with well-trained operators? LO.1
Local ownership. People should feel ownership of the processes they work with.This results in a commitment to make their processes better and to continuous improvement. They should be empowered? LO.1
Organization. The organization must be designed to put people in close contact with their suppliers and customers, internal or external. One way is to organize into customer-, product-, or
Training. People should be trained in their own job skills and, where possible, cross-trained in other related jobs. As well, they should be trained to use the tools of continuous improvement,
Performance measures. Improvement is not possible unless there is some way to measure the results.These basic concepts will be discussed in more detail in the following sections? LO.1
Supplier partnering. A partnering rather than adversarial relationship must be established? LO.1
Continuous process improvement. Processes can and must be improved to reduce cost and increase quality. (This topic was discussed in Chapter 14 and will not be covered in this chapter.)? LO.1
Involvement of the total workforce. Total quality management is the responsibility of everyone in the organization. It means training all personnel in the techniques of product and process
Focus on the customer. This means listening to the customer so goods and services meet customer needs at a low cost. It means improving design and processes to reduce defects and cost? LO.1
A committed and involved management directing and participating in the quality program. TQM is a continuous process that must become part of the organization’s culture. This requires senior
Develop a comprehensive plan to help Rosa get the inventory back under control. LO.1
What do you think the sources of the other problems are? Be specific and analyze as completely as possible. LO.1
Should Carl’s pursue the price break? Why or why not? LO.1
Using the data on the two part numbers given, provide a comprehensive evaluation of the ordering policies. Compare the present annual average cost with the cost of using a system such as EOQ, and
A company manufactures three sizes of lightning rods. Ordering costs and carrying costs are not known, but it is known that they are the same for each size. Each size is produced six times per year.
Calculate K for the following data:Item Annual Demand Orders per Year AD 11 $14,400 5 2 4900 5 3 1600 5 Totals LO.1
Calculate the new lot size for the following if K = 5 Item Annual Demand AD New Lot Size 1 2500 2 900 3 121 LO.1
Refer to problem 10.3. The supplier offers a 3% discount on orders of 5000 units.Calculate the purchase cost, the cost of ordering, the cost of carrying, and the total cost if orders of 5000 are
A company is presently ordering on the basis of an EOQ. The demand is 10,000 units a year, unit cost is $10, ordering cost is $30, and the cost of carrying inventory is 20%. The supplier offers a
An SKU has an annual demand of 10,000 units, each costing $10, ordering costs are $200 per order, and the cost of carrying inventory is 20%. Calculate the EOQ in units and then convert to
A company wishes to establish an EOQ for an item for which the annual demand is$800,000, the ordering cost is $32, and the cost of carrying inventory is 20%. Calculate the following:a. The EOQ in
A company decides to establish an EOQ for an item. The annual demand is 400,000 units, each costing $8, ordering costs are $32 per order, and inventory-carrying costs are 20%. Calculate the
If the order quantity is increased to 1000 units, recalculate problems 10.1a to 10.1e and compare the results. LO.1
An SKU costing $10 is ordered in quantities of 500 units, annual demand is 5200 units, carrying costs are 20%, and the cost of placing an order is $50. Calculate the following:a. Average inventory.b.
A company working toward JIT will have smaller lot sizes when compared to using traditional methods. Discuss how this will affect the costs associated with inventory. What are the controllable and
How do each of the following influence inventory decisions?a. Lumpy demand.b. Minimum orders.c. Transportation costs.d. Multiples. LO.1
What is the period-order quantity? How is it established? When can it be used? LO.1
What are the relevant costs to be considered when deciding whether to take a quantity discount? On what basis should the decision be made? LO.1
What is the economic-order quantity (EOQ) formula? Define each term and give the units used. How do the units change when monetary units are used? LO.1
Define each of the following in your own words and as a formula:a. Annual ordering cost.b. Annual carrying cost.c. Total annual cost. LO.1
What are the relevant costs associated with the two formulas? As the order quantities increase, what happens to each cost? What is the objective in establishing a fixed-order quantity? LO.1
Under the assumptions on which EOQs are based, what are the formulas for average lot size and the number of orders per year? LO.1
What are the four assumptions on which economic-order quantities are based? For what kind of items are these assumptions valid? When are they not? LO.1
What is the lot-for-lot decision rule? What is its advantage? Where would it be used? LO.1
What is an SKU? LO.1
What are decision rules? What is their purpose? LO.1
What are the two basic questions in inventory management discussed in the text? LO.1
Replacement occurs all at once. LO.1
Order preparation costs and inventory-carrying costs are constant and known. LO.1
The item is produced or purchased in lots or batches and not continuously. LO.1
Demand is relatively constant and is known. LO.1
The following MPS summary schedule is leveled for capacity. Using the following table, level the schedule for material as well.LO,1
A company produces a line of golf putters composed of three models. The demand for model A is 500 per month, for B is 400, and for C is 300.What would be the mixed model sequence if some of each were
A company has an annual demand for a product of 1000 units, a carrying cost of $20 per unit per year, and a setup cost of $100. Through a program of setup reduction, the setup cost is reduced to $10.
In problem 15.1, if the annual carrying cost is 20% per unit, what will be the annual savings in carrying cost? LO,1
A company carries 10 items in stock, each with an economic-order quantity of $20,000.Through a program of component standardization, the 10 items are reduced to 5.The total annual demand is the same,
Where does a drum-buffer-rope system work best?
Where does an MRP system work best?LO,1
What is the difference between production cards and move cards?LO,1
What is the Kanban system? How does it work?LO,1
What is the major difference between the MRP push systems and the pull system?LO,1
Why is there sometimes difficulty with the MRP system?LO,1
Describe the backflush or post-deduct system of inventory record keeping.LO,1
What effect does a JIT environment have on MRP?LO,1
What are the differences in a master production schedule in a JIT environment?LO,1
Why is employee involvement important in a JIT environment?LO,1
Why are supplier relations particularly important in a JIT environment?LO,1
Why would a JIT manufacturer schedule seven hours of work in an eight-hour shift?LO,1
What is the difference between leveling based on capacity and leveling based on material flow?LO,1
What are the four conditions needed for uninterrupted flow? Describe each.LO,1
Why is productive maintenance important?LO,1
What is quality for manufacturing? How is it obtained?LO,1
What are the two reasons why quality is important?LO,1
Name and describe five advantages of low setup time.LO,1
Why is process flexibility desirable? What two conditions are required?LO,1
What is a work cell? How does it operate? What conditions are necessary to establish one? What are its advantages?LO,1
What is repetitive manufacturing? What are its advantages? What are its limitations?LO,1
Explain how inventory affects product improvement, quality, prices, and the ability to respond quickly to the marketplace.LO,1
Explain why each of the following are sources of waste:a. The processb. Methodsc. Movementd. Product defectse. Waiting timef. Overproduction LO,1
After a product is designed, what is the responsibility of manufacturing engineering?LO,1
Why is product design important to manufacturing? How can the design add waste in manufacturing?LO,1

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