1. Did the Union violate Title I, Section 101 (a)

of the Landrum-Griffin Act in this case? If so, what should be the appropriate remedy? Paul Sanchez, a member of Local 1 of the Bartenders Union, speaks Spanish and is not sufficiently bilingual to understand the English language in either written or spoken form. Local 1 has 16,500 members, 48 percent of whom understand Spanish only.

For several years Local 1 has had its collective bargaining agreements, monthly newsletters, and various notices printed in Spanish to accommodate its Spanish-speaking members. At meetings held to nominate union officers and contract ratification meetings, which occur once every three years, English and Spanish translations are provided for the discussion that takes place. Monthly union meetings are conducted primarily in English and are attended by 50–75 members

(less than one percent of the Union’s total membership).

Subjects debated during local union meetings include such topics as union expenditures, salaries of officers, general complaints with particular employers, and various other operational matters.

Such debate is commonly referred to as ‘‘shop talk.’’