2. To what remedy is an employee entitled if his or her rights have been violated? TerryWilliams is an employee at a unionized plant in Memphis, Tennessee.

Williams is a member of and represented by Local #10 of the United Brotherhood of America.

Williams clocked out on Friday afternoon at 3:30 P.M., half an hour before his regular workday ended. Williams was later seen distributing union leaflets on the sidewalk near the main plant in Southhaven, Mississippi, eight miles south of Memphis, by plant manager Otto Payonzeck. Payonzeck confronted Williams and asked him what he was doing at the Southhaven, Mississippi, plant. Payonzeck then called the personnel office at the Memphis plant to see if Williams had permission to be at Southhaven.

When Williams reported to work the next day, he was called to a meeting with supervisors Fisher and Gray and personnel administrator Harless. As soon as Williams entered the room, he recognized the people and asked to be permitted to call another employee into the room as a witness. Harless responded that it was not necessary because they were only going to ask him some questions and therefore he did not need a witness.

Williams then asked to make a phone call, and this request was likewise rejected.