8 A home pregnancy test claims to be 97 percent accurate when consumers obtain a positive result. To what extent are the variables of “actual clinical condition” and “test readings” related?

a Compute phi, Cramer’s V , and the contingency coeffi -

cient for the following table. What can you say about the strength of the relationship between the two variables?

b Compute lambda for these data. What does this statistic tell you?

Actual Clinical Condition Test Readings of In-Vitro Diagnostic Cross-Tabulation

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Count Actual Clinical Condition Pregnant Test Readings of In-Vitro Diagnostic Positive Negative Total 451 36 487 accurate inaccurate Not pregnant 15 183 198 inaccurate accurate Total 466 219 685