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business
service management operations strategy
Questions and Answers of
Service Management Operations Strategy
4. Discuss how information technology can help to create a competitive advantage through inventory management.
3. Compare and contrast a continuous review inventory system with a periodic review inventory system.
2. How would one find values for inventory management costs?
1. Discuss the functions of inventory for different organizations in the supply chain(i.e., manufacturing, suppliers, distributors, and retailers).
Expediting orders to replenish exhausted stock
Penalties for late delivery or nondelivery
Customer dissatisfaction and ill-will; lost customers
Lost sales and profits
Managing (tasks such as supervising stores personnel, taking physical inventory periodically, verifying and correcting records, etc.)Shortage costs
Providing controlled environments of temperature, humidity, dust, etc.
Storage space and facilities (size is usually based upon maximum inventories rather than average)
Depreciation
Obsolescence of parts and disposal of out-of-date materials
Breakage, damage, and spoilage
Providing security systems for protecting inventories
Theft or pilferage
Moving items into and out of inventory stores and keeping records of the movements
Taxes and insurance
Opportunity cost of capital tied up in inventory items, warehouses, and other parts of the inventory system
Interest charges on money invested in inventories
Transferring items into storage areas Holding or carrying costs
Inspecting or testing items to ensure that they conform to purchase specifications
Withdrawing samples and transmitting them to inspection and testing organizations
Counting or weighing items to ensure that the correct amount has been delivered
Unpacking items
Examining packages for visible damage
Preparing and handling records of receipts and other paperwork
Transportation, shipping, and pickup
Following up to ensure that purchase orders are received by suppliers Receiving and inspection costs
Issuing or transmitting purchase orders to outside suppliers
Preparing purchase orders
Negotiating prices
Evaluating bids and selecting suppliers
Locating or identifying potential suppliers and soliciting bids
Preparing specifications for items to be purchased
How much safety stock should be maintained?
When should an order be placed (called a reorder point )?
What should be the order quantity ?
Describe the rationale behind the retail discounting model
Conduct an ABC analysis of inventory items.Use either expected value or incremental analysis to determine the order quantity for the single-period inventory model.
Design a continuous or periodic review inventory-control system.
Determine the reorder point and safety stock for inventory systems with uncertain demand.
Determine the order quantity for various inventory applications.
Describe the function, characteristics, and costs of an inventory system.
Discuss the role of information technology in the management of inventory.
Develop such a forecast, and for the benefit of top management, note any reservations or qualifications you feel are vital to its understanding and use of the information.
Assume that you are a member of DynaSol’s small marketing department and that the contract negotiations with GFI have fallen through irrevocably. The company’s top management has decided to use
The final contract negotiations are pending, and so it is essential that you account for the advantages and disadvantages of your preferred technique as they would apply to the problem at hand and
Given the information available and your knowledge of different forecasting techniques, develop a recommendation for utilizing a specific forecasting technique in the subsequent study.
Mr. Abel, the director of the center, is becoming increasingly concerned with the center’s ability to attract adequate funding and serve community needs. Mr. Abel now must develop an accurate
Many public-spirited organizations are competing for shrinking funds (i.e., Proposition 13 syndrome), and many groups such as private physicians, private and school psychologists, and social service
The evaluation center exists in a highly competitive environment.
Oak Hollow Medical Evaluation Center is a nonprofit agency offering multidisciplinary diagnostic services to study children with disabilities or developmental delays. The center can test each patient
Month Demand, Units January 15 February 18 March 22 April 23 May 27 June 26
17.10. Prepare a spreadsheet model for the ferry passenger data in Table 17.6 , and recalculate the forecasts using an of 0.3, a of 0.1, and a of 0.2. Has this change in the smoothing constants
17.9. Prepare a spreadsheet model for the ferry passenger data in Table 17.5 , and recalculate the forecasts using an of 0.3 and a of 0.2. Has this change in the smoothing constants improved the
17.8. Prepare a spreadsheet model for the commuter airline’s weekly load factor data in Table 17.4 , and recalculate the forecasts using an of 0.2 and a of 0.2. Have you improved on the
17.7. Prepare a spreadsheet model for the Saturday hotel occupancy data in Table 17.3 , and recalculate the forecasts using an of 0.3. What is the new MAD?
17.6. For the data in exercise 17.4, use an of 0.1 and a of 0.2 to make a forecast for July and August. Calculate the MAD for your January through June forecasts.
17.5. For the data in exercise 17.4, use an of 0.1 to make a forecast for July.
17.4. The demand for a certain drug in a hospital has been increasing. For the past six months, the following demand has been observed:Use a three-month moving average to make a forecast for July.
17.3. For the data in exercise 17.2, update the fast-food restaurant forecast if a trend value of 1.4 was calculated for the previous week. Use a of 0.3 to update the trend for this week, and
17.2. During the noon hour this past Wednesday at a fast-food restaurant, 72 hamburgers were sold. The smoothed value calculated the week before was 67. Update the forecast for next Wednesday using
17.1. In September 2009, there were 1,035 checking-account customers at a neighborhood bank. The forecast for September, which was made in August, was for 1,065 checking-account customers. Use an
6. What changes in , , and would you recommend to improve the performance of the trendline seasonal adjustment forecast shown in Figure 17.4 ?Interactive Exercise
5. Why is the N -period moving-average model still in common use if the simple exponential smoothing model has superior qualities?
4. Suggest a number of independent variables for a regression model to predict the potential sales volume of a given location for a retail store (e.g., a video rental store).
3. The number of customers at a bank likely will vary by the hour of the day and by the day of the month. What are the implications of this for choosing a forecasting model?
what costs are associated with the development and use of the forecast model? What costs are associated with forecast error?
2. For each of the three forecasting methods (i.e., time series, causal, and subjective),
The model is easy to implement on a personal computer using spreadsheet software.Smoothing constants allows us to alter the rate at which the model responds to changes in the underlying pattern in
Only the most recent data are required to update a forecast.
All past data are considered in the smoothing process.Recent data are assigned more weight than older data.
Conduct time series forecasting using the exponential smoothing model with trend and seasonal adjustments.
Describe the features of exponential smoothing that make it an attractive model for time series forecasting.
Conduct a Delphi forecasting exercise.
Recommend the appropriate forecasting model for a given situation.
What further advice would you give Dr. Thompson on the operation of her clinic?
If you could hire one more person to augment the staff, what position would be your choice (receptionist, nurse clinician, or physician)? How have the clinic performance measures changed after hiring
Assume the waiting lines at the receptionist, the nurse clinician, and the doctor are managed independently with a FCFS priority. Model this system using ServiceModel to determine the utilization of
Dr. Thompson. Figure 16.13 shows the flow of patients during routine office visits. The arrival rate per hour was found to be Poisson distributed [E(interarrival time in minutes)], and the service
On a hillside in Rollingwood, a community just southwest of Austin, Texas, the Renaissance Clinic provides dedicated obstetric and gynecological services.• The medical treatment at this facility is
Pronto Pizza CASE 16.4
Pronto Pizza’s performance and customer service?2.3.4.5.6.
What other design or operating suggestions could improve
What do you think of this service guarantee policy?
Based on your simulation recommended staffing level, what is the probability of paying off on the guarantee?
Use the ServiceModel computer simulation software and the Pronto.pkg file to determine the number of drivers that minimizes the total cost of salaries and guarantee discounts.
1.Calculate the expected waiting time in the order preparation queue using queuing formula I.8 found in Appendix D.Compare this value with your simulation result and comment on any difference.
Draw a process flow diagram and identify the bottleneck operation.
The one-way travel time to deliver a pizza in the market area averages 10 minutes, with negative exponential distribution.Calls for pizza average one every five minutes, with negative exponential
Pronto Pizza is a delivery-only pizza service that promises delivery within 40 minutes of receiving a call for an order or the customer gets $2 off the price. Pronto employs a single pizza maker,
Chapter 16 Capacity Planning and Queuing Models 451
FIGURE 16.11 Project Network for New Computer Installation
Expected Time, Days Deviation from Expected Activity Time, Days Probability A 3 2 0.2 B 5 1 0.3 C 2 0 0.4 D 4 1 0.1 E 3 F 4 G 2 H 4 I 3 J 2 DA C F BG HI JE 2 4 6 3 5 1 7 8
4 days (0.7) 2 days 3 days 2 days (0.6)3 days (0.3)6 days (0.2)4 days (0.4)4 days (0.8)3 days (0.4)2 days (0.3)1 day (0.3)7 65 23 41 Activity
how many gift certificates do you expect to give out per day?FIGURE 16.12 Travel Network
Fires per Day 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Probability .02 .07 .15 .20 .20 .16 .10 .06 .03 .01 450 Part Four Quantitative Models for Service Management 16.18. Electronic Car-diagram (ECG), a firm specializing
Life, Months Probability 1 0.05 2 0.15 3 0.20 4 0.30 5 0.20 6 0.10
16.17. The number of fires occurring during a 24-hour day follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 4 fires per day as shown in the accompanying table. In examining past records, the fire chief
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